Corrosion rates of stainless steel under shear stress measured by a novel parallel‐plate flow chamber

Abstract

A unique parallel-plate flow chamber has been engineered to assess the corrosion properties of implant materials in biological environments under shear flow. This parallel-plate flow chamber provides a novel approach to investigate hypotheses regarding cellular-material-mechanical-force interactions that influence the success or failure of implant devices. The results of the current study demonstrated that physiological stresses (0.5-50 dynes/cm2) from laminar flow from cell culture media did not significantly alter corrosion rates of stainless steel, providing baseline information for an extensive study of the cellular-material-mechanical-force interactions. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that this device is electrochemically stable and provides reproducible results within test parameters. In addition, the results were not significantly different from corrosion tests on bulk samples. Therefore, this system will be useful for investigating cell-material interactions under shear stress for implant alloys or other opaque materials. This information is currently lacking. The results of the present study also support further development of this test system to assess cellular responses to these materials under shear stresses.

Corrosion of machined titanium dental implants under inflammatory conditions

“…Many studies have reported that proteins may increase or decrease or do not affect the corrosion rates of various materials. 21‐28, 32‐34, 37, 39, 40, 42, 50 The interaction between materials and proteins, cells, or their by‐products is dependent on several factors including surface charge, roughness, and composition of the material as well as shape, charge, and binding affinities of the molecule 50. Proteins may increase corrosion by proteins binding and carrying away metal ions from the alloy surface, encouraging further corrosion; proteins limiting oxygen at the surface do discourage passivation as the oxide layer forms or when it is disturbed 32, 37.…”

“…Protein adsorption alters corrosion depending on pH, the type of alloy, surface condition of the alloy, the presence of other metal ions, and the nature of protein adsorption onto the alloy 21–28. Other studies have assessed the effects of hydrogen peroxide,29–31 proteins,22‐24, 26, 28, 32 mechanical stress,33–36 wear/fretting,37, 38 and cells31, 33, 34, 39‐42 on implant material corrosion properties and have used animal models to correlate metal ions release to in vitro corrosion testing 43, 44. However, these studies generally have been restricted to the use of flat or cylindrical “bulk” samples in commercial electrolytes (i.e., saline, serum, or artificial saliva) 19, 38, 42, 45–50.…”

Fabrication of stainless steel mesh gas diffusion electrode for power generation in microbial fuel cell

“…Stainless steel mesh (SSM), which serves as electrically conductive, chemically stable and cost effective material, has been widely adopted in a broad range of electrochemistry-relevant areas such as chemical battery (Wanga et al, 2005), electrochemical corrosion (Messer et al, 2005) and direct methanol fuel cell (Scott et al, 2004). Recently, it was also addressed that SSM could be used as current collector for synthesis of H 2 O 2 in a solid polymer electrolyte MFC (You et al, 2010).…”

Interactions between stainless steel, shear stress, and monocytes

“…We have developed a novel flow cell that applies a defined laminar flow over a metal surface 26. This device allows the study of complex cellular‐material‐mechanical force interactions that influence the success or failure of implant devices such as stents 26.…”

“…We have developed a novel flow cell that applies a defined laminar flow over a metal surface 26. This device allows the study of complex cellular‐material‐mechanical force interactions that influence the success or failure of implant devices such as stents 26. In the current study, we tested a hypothesis that shear stress, blood cells, and stent materials interact in ways that alter both cell function and the corrosion of the stent material.…”