Corrosion Studies of Aluminum In Chemical Process Operations

Cook, Earnshaw; Horst, R. L.; Binger, W. W.

doi:10.5006/0010-9312-17.1.97

Cited by 16 publications

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“…It is seen that 20-40% acid concentration is the most corrosive toward all the alloys at the three temperatures. This is in good agreement with the findings of Cook et al (1) who reported the highest corrosion rate for the 1100 alloy in 20% nitric acid at room temperature. With an increase in temperature from 25 ~ to 45~ the corrosion rate of all the alloys accelerated considerably, and it is most pronounced for the 3003 alloy in the 20% acid where the corrosion rate increases sharply with increasing temperature.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Theoretical interpretations of interracial impedance have been developed for both active planar and porous electrodes. Details of these analyses have been presented in various reviews (1)(2)(3)(4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aluminum reacts vigorously with hydrochloric acid but other mineral acids like sulfuric and nitric acids have little corrosive actions especially at their higher and lower concentrations. Cook et al (1) have reported that the corrosion rate of commercially pure aluminum (1100 alloy) is maximum in 20% nitric acid at the room temperature. It has been suggested that its corrosion rate depends on the diffusion of the corroding ions through the oxide film.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Corrosion Characteristics of Some Aluminum Alloys in Nitric Acid

Singh

Chaudhary

Agrawal

1982

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Corrosion characteristics of some commercially pure aluminum alloys (1060, 1100, 3003, and 5052) in different concentrations of nitric acid have been studied at different temperatures. Alloy 3003 exhibits maximum corrosion in all the acid concentrations followed by 5052, 1100, and 1060 alloys. The corrosion rate of aluminum is found to increase and decrease with time in 20 and 70% acid solutions, respectively. In the concentration range of 20-50% of the acid, all the alloys exhibited slightly passivating tendency during the potentiostatic anodic polarization. The breakdown potential Eh of the alloys varies inversely with temperature, whereas an invariable enobling in steady-state corrosion potential with rise in temperature is noted. The current density required for initiation of passivation, i.e. Ic is related to temperature T by logI,.= a + bT where a and b are constants. The alloys exhibited negative steady-state corrosion potentials in a concentration range of 1-58% of the acid, but above this concentration positive values of the potentials have been noted. Variation of corrosion rates of the different alloys in different concentrations of the acid has been discussed in the light of the presence of different alloying elements. The influence of the addition of 0.025M, 0.05M, 0.1M, 0.25M, and 0.5M chloride, bromide, iodide, acetate, citrate, sulfate, and nitrate as their sodium salts has also been investigated on the anodic dissolution of 1060 alloy in 20% nitric acid. At concentrations of 0.025M, 0.05M, and 0.1M, CI-, Br-. and I-have little noticeable effect, but at concentrations of 0.25M and 0.5M of the former two compounds very fast corrosion was recorded and the last compound appeared to be a corrosion inhibitor. The tolerable concentration of chloride ion increases with increase in the concentration of nitric acid in conformity with log Ca~ = a + b log Cp~ Acetate, citrate, sulfate, and nitrate ions inhibit the dissolution of the alloy at all the concentrations used. It has been concluded that the sodium ion does not affect the dissolution tendency of the alloy and the anions are solely responsible for inhibiting the dissolution of the metal.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corrosion Characteristics of Some Aluminum Alloys in Nitric Acid

Singh

Chaudhary

Agrawal

1982

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Aluminum 5052 has long been used in the chemical industry as transport and storage vessels of solid and liquid nitrates as well as for production equipment of nitrate fertilizers . Excellent corrosion resistance in concentrated solutions of ammonium nitrate (830 g/L) was also observed in Al 1100, 3003, 5052, 5454, and 6061 alloys . However, no electrochemical analysis of aluminum alloys behavior in the fertilizer solutions has been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion of aluminum alloys Al 6061 and Al 2024 in ammonium nitrate‐urea solution

Starostin

Shter

Grader

2015

Materials & Corrosion

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The corrosion behavior of two aluminum alloys Al 6061 T6 and Al 2024 T3 was investigated in a low carbon fuel consisting of concentrated aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate and urea (ANU). Weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques were applied to study the alloys corrosion behavior. Results obtained showed that a corrosion resistance passive film was formed on the surface of both aluminum alloys in solutions of pure ANU and ANU containing up to 1% NaCl. No flawed regions were found on the surface of either alloy after immersion in both solutions for 1500 h. However, immersion of the metals into pure 1% NaCl solution resulted in corroded regions immediately after immersion. The results received from weight loss, polarization, and impedance measurements are in excellent agreement. The high corrosion resistance of both Al alloys in the ANU solution containing up to 1 wt% NaCl support a safe usage of these materials for construction of storage containers and piping of these solutions.

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“…Σχ.15. Ταχύτητα διάβρωσης αλουμινίου σε νιτρικό οξύ διαφόρων συγκεντρώσεων (197) αύξηση του pH του ηλεκτρολύτη. Η μείωση της ταχύτητας μετά τις συγκεντρώσεις 20-40%, αποδίδεται στην ταχύτατη αύξηση της οξειδωτικής ιδιότητας του ΗΝ0 3 <199) , που βοηθά στην δημιουργία προστατευτικού οξειδίου στην επιφάνεια του αλουμινίου.…”

Section: = äT Bunclassified

Διαβρωση Αλουμινιου Οξειδωμενου Και Σφραγισμενου Απο Την Οξινη Βροχη

Μιχαλοπουλοσ¹

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1.2.1. Προδιάθεση για διάβρωση των μετάλλων και κραμάτων Ολα σχεδόν τα μέταλλα, βρίσκονται στην φύση με την μορφή ενώσεων (οξειδωμένη μορφή). Με αναγωγικές δράσεις (δαπάνη ενέργειας), τα μεταλλεύματα μετατρέπονται σε μέταλλα (πράξη αντίθετη από την αυθόρμητη). Ενα μέρος της ενέργειας αυτής με την μορφή εντροπίας (AS) και ελεύθερης ενέργειας (AF), παραμένει στα μέταλλα, με συνέπεια να αποκτήσουν αυτά μεγαλύτερη εσωτερική ενέργεια από αυτήν του αρχικού μεταλλεύματος. Ετσι, σύμφωνα με τον 2ο Θερμοδυναμικό νόμο, τα μέταλλα έχουν την προδιάθεση για αυθόρμητη ενεργειακή υποβάθμιση, με τον σχηματισμό, αν το περιβάλλον το επιτρέπει, των αρχικών ενεργειακών, χαμηλής στάθμης, μορφών τους.

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Corrosion Studies of Aluminum In Chemical Process Operations

Cited by 16 publications

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Corrosion Characteristics of Some Aluminum Alloys in Nitric Acid

Corrosion Characteristics of Some Aluminum Alloys in Nitric Acid

Corrosion of aluminum alloys Al 6061 and Al 2024 in ammonium nitrate‐urea solution

Διαβρωση Αλουμινιου Οξειδωμενου Και Σφραγισμενου Απο Την Οξινη Βροχη

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