Cortical and subcortical functional specificity associated with response inhibition.

Abstract

<p>The existence of specific neuronal systems dedicated for response inhibition, as opposed tomore general action updating, is controversial. This pre-registered study employed a taskinvolving both inhibitory and non-inhibitory action updating in combination with functionalmagnetic resonance imaging to test the specificity of responses under different updatingconditions, including the cessation of actions. Cortical regions of activity were found to becommon to multiple forms of action updating. However, functional specificity duringresponse inhibition was observed in the anterior right Inferior Frontal Gyrus. In addition, wedeveloped an exploratory contrast method which suggested this specificity continueddownstream to subcortical loci, with right hemisphere activity largely supporting responseinhibition, and left hemisphere activity associated with right hand response execution. Thepattern of activations supports putative models of subcortical pathways and extends themthrough the demonstration of lateralisation.</p>

The right inferior frontal gyrus as pivotal node and effective regulator of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical response inhibition circuit

“…Finally, our modelling tests confirmed a hemispheric asymmetry and support the critical role of right IFG circuit in response inhibition (Hung et al, 2018;Jahfari et al, 2011;Maizey et al, 2020). The different causal structures suggest a strong cortical-subcortical intrinsic connectivity and rIFG control on the right side.…”

“…Given convergent evidence on a pivotal role of the right IFG in mediating top-down cortical-subcortical control during response inhibition (Aron et al, 2003;Dambacher et al, 2014;Hampshire et al, 2010;Maizey et al, 2020), we predicted a greater modulatory effect on rIFG and its directed connectivity to both rCau and rThal in the NoGo compared to Go condition. Additionally, based on previous findings we expected a modulation of the key pathways by biological (i.e.…”

“…Dysregulations in this circuit have been implicated in disorders characterized by inhibitory control deficits, including addiction (Klugah-Brown et al, 2020;Morein-Zamir and Robbins, 2015;Zhou et al, 2018), attention deficit/hyperactivity (ADHD, Morein-Zamir et al, 2014;Sonuga-Barke, 2005), schizophrenia (Camchong et al, 2006;Feng et al, 2018;Mamah et al, 2007) and Parkinson Disorder (DeLong and Wichmann, 2015;Obeso et al, 2000). The key nodes within this response inhibition circuitry have been extensively mapped with convergent evidence suggesting critical contributions from the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC), particularly inferior frontal gyrus (IFG, Aron et al, 2003;Dambacher et al, 2014;Hampshire et al, 2010;Maizey et al, 2020;Schaum et al, 2021;Verbruggen and Logan, 2008;Zhang et al, 2017) as well as striatal regions, in particular the caudate and putamen (Eagle et al, 2011;Ghahremani et al, 2012;Hampton et al, 2017;Kelly et al, 2004;Ott and Nieder, 2019;Robertson et al, 2015;Robbins, 2007).…”

Action inhibition revisited: a new method identifies compromised reactive but intact proactive control in Tourette disorder

“…Interestingly, inhibition of preplanned action entails an engagement of frontocortical basal ganglia pathways (33-39), which is somehow compromised in TD (12,42,43). A simplified description suggests that on the direct pathway in basal ganglia, the dorsal striatum that receives projection from the frontal cortex inhibits the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) causing disinhibition of the thalamus, which is attributed to an underlying neural mechanism of the GO process, whereas the subthalamic nucleus (STN) exerts an excitatory influence on SNr acting similar to pressing the brake in a car (38,39,44,45). The dorsal striatum consists of two structures: caudate nucleus (CN) and putamen (Pu).…”

Exploring Stop Signal Reaction Time Over Two Sessions of the Anticipatory Response Inhibition Task

“…Whereas inhibition on Stop trials engages a right lateralized network that includes the indirect (suppression of action) or hyperdirect (cancellation of action) pathway, that inhibits output from the motor cortex. This inhibitory network includes the subthalamic nucleus (STN), globus pallidus pars interna (GPi) and externa (Gpe) (indirect pathway), right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and pre-supplementary motor area (SMA) (Aron et al, 2003; Aron and Poldrack, 2006; Li et al, 2008; Coxon et al, 2009; Ray et al, 2012; Dunovan et al, 2015; Allen et al, 2018; Chen et al, 2020; Maizey et al, 2020). The STN, once activated via the indirect or hyperdirect pathway, plays an important role in supressing thalamocortical output by blocking the direct pathway (Aron and Poldrack, 2006; Li et al, 2008; Zandbelt and Vink, 2010; Dunovan et al, 2015)(.…”