Cortical bone microperfusion: Response to ischemia and changes in major arterial blood flow

Swiontkowski, Marc F.; Senft, D.

doi:10.1002/jor.1100100305

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…During the three time intervals for measurement after occlusion, we observed progressive increases in flux to near normal values. We did not, however, observe the reactive hyperaemic response measured by Swiontkowski and Senft using laser Doppler flowmetry on a porcine tibia (21). This difference may have been due to the longer time period required for each laser Doppler perfusion imaging scan (approximately 45 seconds) compared with the higher temporal resolution with single-point measurements from laser Doppler flowmeters.…”

Section: Microsphere Techniques Quantify Blood Flow In Bonecontrasting

confidence: 72%

“…Laser Doppler methods have been validated as effective in measuring dynamic changes in bone blood flow with use of flowmeters correlated to coloured microsphere-determined flow (14,20). The effectiveness of these flowmeters in measuring blood perfusion in bone has been shown in models of osteonecrosis (13),fracture healing (12,18,21), bone graft (1 l), and bone fragment (8). Nonetheless, measurements made with laser Doppler flowmeters are specific to location in heterogeneous tissue, and contact between the probe and tissue can produce measurement artifacts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic measurement of bone blood perfusion with modified laser doppler imaging

Chan¹,

Forrester²,

McDougall³

et al. 1999

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Although the mechanisms are not clearly defined, blood flow may play an important role in moderating skeletal adaptation. Most techniques currently available to measure blood flow in bone are time-consuming and require destruction of the tissue, but laser Doppler technology offers a less invasive method. The present study assessed whether laser Doppler perfusion imaging could detect changes in perfusion in cortical bone. By use of modified laser Doppler perfusion imaging with an adjustable, incorporated, near infrared-laser gain photodetection system, perfusion of blood in the mid-diaphyseal tibial cortex of New Zealand White rabbits (n = 5) was measured before, during, and after occlusion of the femoral artery. During occlusion, perfusion decreased 69% compared with control levels; removal of the arterial clip caused flux values to return to near normal. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging provides a two-dimensional image related to blood flow, and the results of this pilot study suggest that it may be an effective technique for imaging in vivo dynamic changes in perfusion in cortical bone.

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Section: Microsphere Techniques Quantify Blood Flow In Bonecontrasting

confidence: 72%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic measurement of bone blood perfusion with modified laser doppler imaging

Chan¹,

Forrester²,

McDougall³

et al. 1999

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…It will, however, identify significant changes of blood flow at a given position in the femoral head in any individual. [8][9][10][11] We introduced a higher energy laser system of 20 mW because the signal-to-noise ratio in human subjects is unsatisfactory with lower energy systems. Also the volume of bone sampled can be increased by using separate emitting and receiving fibres and increasing the distance between them at the tip of the probe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfusion of the femoral head during surgical dislocation of the hip: Monitoring by laser doppler flowmetry

Nötzli

Siebenrock

Hempfing

et al. 2002

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

149

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We used laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) with a high energy (20 mW) laser to measure perfusion of the femoral head intraoperatively in 32 hips. The surgical procedure was joint debridement requiring dislocation or subluxation of the hip. The laser probe was placed within the anterosuperior quadrant of the femoral head. Blood flow was monitored in specific positions of the hip before and after dislocation or subluxation. With the femoral head reduced, external rotation, both in extension and flexion, caused a reduction of blood flow. During subluxation or dislocation, it was impaired when the posterosuperior femoral neck was allowed to rest on the posterior acetabular rim. A pulsatile signal returned when the hip was reduced, or was taken out of extreme positions when dislocated. After the final reduction, the signal amplitudes were first slightly lower (12%) compared with the initial value but tended to be restored to the initial levels within 30 minutes. Most of the changes in the signal can be explained by compromise of the extraosseous branches of the medial femoral circumflex artery and are reversible. Our study shows that LDF provides proof for the clinical observation that perfusion of the femoral head is maintained after dislocation if specific surgical precautions are followed.

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“…6,7 The first experimental and clinical experience was described by Druce 8 as well as Kiel and Shepherd 9 in 1990, who applied the technique to investigate skin, nasal, and intestinal mucosa. Swiontowski [11][12][13] was the first to show the differences in perfusion of chronically inflamed and avital bone by means of LDF. Caspary et al, 14 as well as Gramse and Saria, 15 defined 5 Flux as biological zero for skin at 8 to 24 hours post-mortem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Caspary et al, 14 as well as Gramse and Saria, 15 defined 5 Flux as biological zero for skin at 8 to 24 hours post-mortem. 13,14 This value is now regarded as being due to Brownian motion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%