Laser Doppler Flow Imaging of Open Lower Leg Fractures in an Animal Experimental Model

Herzog, L.; Huber, F.-X.; Meeder, P. J.; Muhr, G.; Buchholz, J.

doi:10.1177/230949900201000203

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…It seems that laser Doppler gives optimum results in areas where the blood supply is limited to a few vessels, e.g. the femoral head (Sugamoto et al 1998) or the proximal humerus (Herzog et al 2002, Hinsley et al 2002. One previous study has evaluated laser Doppler flow in the femoral head (Sugamoto et al 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

Blood flow and microdialysis in the human femoral head

2007

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BackgroundIf it would be possible to detect lack of flow and/or the development of ischemia in bone, we might have a way of predicting whether a broken bone will heal. We established microdialysis (MD) and laser Doppler (LD) flow measurement in the human femoral head in order to be able to detect ischemia and measure changes in blood flow.Material and methods In 9 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty for primary osteoarthrosis, two MD catheters were inserted into the femoral head through two drill holes after the blood flow had been visualized by LD. Then primary samples were collected with the femoral head in situ; thereafter, the head was removed and samples were collected over the following 4 hours ex vivo. The variables obtained by MD were concentrations of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, and glycerol in extracellular fluid.Results The results showed development of ischemia with a statistically significant decrease in glucose concentration and elevation of the lactate/pyruvate ratio over time. The LD showed flow with the femoral head in situ and lack of flow when the femoral head was removed.Interpretation The use of MD was established in the human femoral head. Ischemic levels were detected within 2 h of cessation of blood flow in most patients.

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confidence: 99%

Blood flow and microdialysis in the human femoral head

2007

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“…The readings fluctuated between 16.4 + 5.6 PU (634 nm) or 28.3 + 10.1 PU (810 nm) and 22.7 + 9.8 PU (634 nm) or 36.6 + 11.3 PU (810 nm). Values of 21.34 PU for the cortical blood perfusion in the rabbit tibia were reported by Herzog et al (2002). Salerud and Hellem (1992) documented the temporal course of the intramedullary and cortical blood perfusion in rabbit tibiae over a period of 145 days.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The second aim was to study the influence of a diaphyseal ostectomy on intramedullary blood perfusion and on temperature near the bone. The rabbit was chosen as the model animal because several studies on cortical and/or intramedullary blood perfusion measurements exist using LDF or LDI in sedated rabbits (Salerud & Hellem 1992, McDonald & Pitt Ford 1993, Chan et al 1999, Wolf et al 2000, Shymkiw et al 2001, Herzog et al 2002, thus enabling a comparison of the readings made in this experiment on conscious rabbits.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A further technique for the measurement of blood flow in soft tissue and bone tissue is laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), which does not require removal of the tissue under investigation or sacrifice of the laboratory animal (Salerud & Hellem 1992, Lausten et al 1993, Kregor et al 1995, Jain et al 1996, Herzog et al 2002. This method is based on the Doppler effect.…”

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“…Some publications report of cortical and/or intramedullary blood perfusion measurements in anaesthetized rabbits, which were carried out using LDF or LDI (Salerud & Hellem 1992, McDonald & Pitt Ford 1993, Chan et al 1999, Wolf et al 2000, Shymkiw et al 2001, Herzog et al 2002.…”

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Continual measurement of intramedullary blood perfusion with laser Doppler flowmetry in intact and ostectomized tibiae of rabbits

2008

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SummaryBlood flow is important for the healing of bone fractures. Until now, however, there have been no publications on the daily, continual measurement of intramedullary blood perfusion using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) in the conscious animal. In this study, a model for the daily, continual measurement of intramedullary blood perfusion by LDF and the temperature near the cortex both in intact and ostectomized tibiae in the conscious rabbit is described. The probes for blood perfusion and temperature measurement were implanted permanently at three different localizations into the right tibia of 10 adult New Zealand White rabbits. The probes were held in place by a bilateral, single-plane external fixator. In five of these animals, a midshaft tibial ostectomy was created in order to simulate a fracture. Intramedullary blood perfusion and temperature were measured daily over 49 days.While in intact tibiae no significant (P . 0.05) differences were found in blood perfusion readings taken at various time points, for mean values or for blood perfusion over time, in ostectomized tibiae the differences were significant: various time points (P ¼ 0.0056), mean values (P ¼ 0.0034) and blood perfusion over time (P ¼ 0.0337). Blood perfusion readings at the centre probe were elevated compared with those at the proximal and distal probes.Thus, a revascularization in the ostectomy gap during the fracture healing was proven by means of the LDF. No influence of the blood perfusion on the temperature in the ostectomy area could be determined during healing of the ostectomy. The described model seems suitable for the continual measurement of intramedullary blood perfusion both in intact and ostectomized tibiae in the conscious rabbit.

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Spectral diffuse reflectance and autofluorescence imaging can perform early prediction of blood vessel occlusion in skin flaps

Chen

Zhu

Chui

et al. 2016

Journal of Biophotonics

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Flap transfer has become a common technique in reconstructive surgery. However, a significant number of compromised skin flaps are not successfully salvaged because the current clinical method for flap assessment relies heavily on the clinician's experience. Vascular occlusion is the major reason for flap failure, thus the accurate and objective early prediction of blood vessel occlusion is vitally important. Our parallel point measurement study has demonstrated the great potential of joint diffuse reflectance and autofluorescence spectroscopy in the early detection and differentiation of venous and arterial occlusion in skin flaps. Unfortunately, the technique of point measurements is not suitable to examine a large skin flap when a high spatial resolution is required. In this study, we attempted to overcome this problem by performing spectral diffuse reflectance and autofluorescence imaging on a rat skin flap model. Both imaging data and reconstructed spectra were used to statistically differentiate control flaps, arterially occluded flaps and venously occluded flaps. Our preliminary results suggest that the technique of joint diffuse reflectance and autofluorescence spectroscopic imaging can achieve high classification accuracy thus could be used to detect and differentiate flaps with venous and arterial occlusion accurately at an early time point in a large skin flap. Typical reconstructed spectra of (a) diffuse reflectance and (b) autofluorescence after normalization.

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Laser Doppler Flow Imaging of Open Lower Leg Fractures in an Animal Experimental Model

Abstract: Conclusion.Laser doppler flowmetry was proven to be a reliable, minimally invasive means for identifying avital tissue, leading to reduction in the loss of vital bone tissue in experimental settings.

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Blood flow and microdialysis in the human femoral head

Blood flow and microdialysis in the human femoral head

Continual measurement of intramedullary blood perfusion with laser Doppler flowmetry in intact and ostectomized tibiae of rabbits

Spectral diffuse reflectance and autofluorescence imaging can perform early prediction of blood vessel occlusion in skin flaps

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