Cortical motor representation of the laryngeal muscles inMacaca mulatta

Hast, Malcolm H.; Fischer, Joan M.; Wetzel, A.B.; Thompson, Venan E.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(74)91046-4

Cited by 107 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…BA 6vr, directly adjacent to area 44, contains a larynx movement representation, which has been shown by electrical stimulation studies 18,[40][41][42] . A direct control of phonatory motoneuron pools during vocal output by the larynx area of BA 6vr, however, seems to be highly unlikely.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Single neurons in monkey prefrontal cortex encode volitional initiation of vocalizations

2013

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Broca's area in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) has a crucial role in human volitional speech production; damage to this area causes severe impairment of speech production. Lesions in PFC of monkeys, however, have only mild effects on spontaneous vocal behaviour. Non-human primate vocalizations are thus believed to constitute affective utterances processed by a subcortical network. Here in contrast to this assumption, we show that rhesus monkeys can control their vocalizations in a goal-directed way. During single-cell recordings in the vlPFC of monkeys trained to vocalize in response to visual cues, we find call-related neurons that specifically predict the preparation of instructed vocalizations. The activity of many call-related neurons before vocal output correlates with call parameters of instructed vocalizations. These findings suggest a cardinal role of the monkey homologue of Broca's area in vocal planning and call initiation, a putative phylogenetic precursor in non-human primates for speech control in linguistic humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Single neurons in monkey prefrontal cortex encode volitional initiation of vocalizations

2013

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“…This rationale may be even more plausible for non-primary motor cortices, because they are suggested to especially serve multi-joint movements (Luppino et al, 1991), which involve biomechanically interdependent joints. However, animal data demonstrate that somatotopical maps of the lateral PM lie in approximate correspondence to that of M1, with a forelimb and hindlimb representation in PMd and an orofacial and forelimb representation within PMv (Hast et al, 1974;Kurata et al, 1985;Kurata and Tanji, 1986;Gentilucci et al, 1988;Rizzolatti et al, 1988;Kurata, 1989;He et al, 1993;Hepp-Reymond et al, 1994;Preuss et al, 1996;Graziano and Gandhi, 2000;Yoshino et al, 2000). Premotor projections to M1 hence appear to respect the somatotopy of the target area, with horizontally organized projections slightly inclining from rostroventral to caudodorsal (Matsumura and Kubota, 1979;Muakkassa and Strick, 1979;Godschalk et al, 1984;Matelli et al, 1986;Dum and Strick, 1991;Luppino et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Motion Class Dependency in Observers' Motor Areas Revealed by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Sakreida¹,

Schubotz²,

Wolfensteller³

et al. 2005

J. Neurosci.

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Human and animal data suggest that the mere observation of biological motion activates those premotor areas that also underlie the initiation of the same motion. However, data also indicate that the human premotor cortex (PM), in contrast to the monkey PM, responds not only to the observation of goal-directed (transitive) motion but also to intransitive motion. The present study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to test this hypothesis directly. Participants were presented cycles of intransitive motion specified as belonging to the distal (fingers and mouth), proximal (knee, ankle, elbow, and wrist), or axial (trunk and shoulder) motion class. Attention to motion was behaviorally tested by a forced-choice task on motion acceleration and deceleration. Results revealed extended PM activation for each motion condition. However, direct contrasts showed that the most significant activations were elicited in ventrolateral PM by distal motion, in dorsolateral PM by proximal motion, and medial PM (supplementary motor area) by axial motion. Findings confirm observed intransitive motions to engage premotor areas along a gross-scaled somatotopy.

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“…F5 is somatotopically organized -its dorsal part contains a representation of hand movements 2,3,18 and its large ventral part contains a representation of mouth and larynx movement 19,20 ; a similar organization is present in the ventral premotor cortex of other primates 21 . Similarly, the motor properties of human Broca's area do not relate only to speech: recent PET data indicate that Broca's area might also become active during the execution of hand or arm movements 22,23 , during mental imagery of hand grasping movement (mostly area 44) 24,25 , and during tasks involving hand-mental rotations (areas 44 and 45) 26 .…”

Section: What Is Area F5?mentioning

confidence: 98%

Language within our grasp

Rizzolatti

Arbib

1998

Trends in Neurosciences

2,420

1,227

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In monkeys, the rostral part of ventral premotor cortex (area F5) contains neurons that discharge, both when the monkey grasps or manipulates objects and when it observes the experimenter making similar actions.These neurons (mirror neurons) appear to represent a system that matches observed events to similar, internally generated actions, and in this way forms a link between the observer and the actor. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and positron emission tomography (PET) experiments suggest that a mirror system for gesture recognition also exists in humans and includes Broca's area. We propose here that such an observation/execution matching system provides a necessary bridge from 'doing' to 'communicating',as the link between actor and observer becomes a link between the sender and the receiver of each message.

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Cortical motor representation of the laryngeal muscles inMacaca mulatta

Cited by 107 publications

References 30 publications

Single neurons in monkey prefrontal cortex encode volitional initiation of vocalizations

Single neurons in monkey prefrontal cortex encode volitional initiation of vocalizations

Motion Class Dependency in Observers' Motor Areas Revealed by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Language within our grasp

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