Corticosterone-induced negative feedback mechanisms within the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis of the chicken

Vandenborne, Kristien; Groef, Bert De; Geelissen, Sofie; Kühn, Eduard; Darras, Veerle; Geyten, Serge Van der

doi:10.1677/joe.1.05969

Cited by 42 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Administration of exogenous CORT is known to down-regulate the endogenous CORT production in birds over a prolonged period (Vandenborne et al, 2005;Busch et al, 2008;Müller et al, 2009). Two 25mm Silastic implants significantly elevate baseline CORT levels in black-legged kittiwakes during the first 3days after implantation (Kitaysky et al, 2001;Angelier et al, 2007;Angelier et al, 2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimentally reduced corticosterone release promotes early breeding in black-legged kittiwakes

Goutte

Clément-Chastel

Moe

et al. 2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYBreeding at the right time is important for successful reproduction. In birds, stressful environmental conditions are known to delay the timing of breeding but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. The stress hormone corticosterone appears to be a good candidate for mediating egg-laying date according to early environmental conditions and physiological state. By experimentally reducing the release of corticosterone in black-legged kittiwakes during the pre-laying period, we tested whether egg-laying date was mechanistically linked to corticosterone levels. Male and female kittiwakes were implanted with a low dose of exogenous corticosterone to inhibit endogenous corticosterone production. According to our predictions, the experimental reduction of corticosterone release was paralleled by a significant advancement of egg laying in females (around 4days earlier). In addition, females with experimentally reduced corticosterone release gained mass during the pre-laying period compared with controls. Ultimately, the advancement of egg laying in females with experimentally reduced corticosterone levels was associated with an enhanced breeding success. This effect was strongly sex specific. In corticosterone-treated male kittiwakes, egg-laying date and reproductive success were not affected, but breeding probability was lower than in controls. This corticosterone treatment did not influence immediate clutch size, or return rate and breeding decision the following year. Our results support the hypothesis that corticosterone secretion during the pre-laying period mediates the timing of breeding in this long-lived seabird, possibly through the dynamics of energy reserves.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimentally reduced corticosterone release promotes early breeding in black-legged kittiwakes

Goutte

Clément-Chastel

Moe

et al. 2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…On the other hand, the increase in blood CORT level may inhibit synthesis and secretion of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and/or ACTH at the hypothalamic and hypophyseal levels, respectively. It has been shown that in chickens the glucocorticoid feedback becomes functional already between E15 and E18 [33,34]. Since in birds CRH is a potent stimulator of TSH secretion [35,36], it cannot be excluded that the decrease in T 4 secretion from the thyroid gland following RF-EMF exposure of the chicken embryo is accelerated not only by a negative effect of CORT on thyroid hormone synthesis but is also associated with inhibitory effect of CORT at the hypothalamic level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma thyroid hormones and corticosterone levels in blood of chicken embryos and post hatch chickens exposed during incubation to 1800 MHz electromagnetic field

Pawlak¹,

Sechman²,

Nieckarz³

2014

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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Introduction: This study attempted to determine the effect of a 1800 MHz electromagnetic field (EMF) (only carrier frequency) on thyroxine (T 4 ), triiodothyronine (T 3 ) and corticosterone (CORT) concentrations in the blood plasma of chick embryos, and to investigate the effect of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure during embryogenesis on the level of these hormones in birds that are ready for slaughter. Material and Methods: Throughout the incubation period, embryos from the experimental group were exposed to a 1800 MHz EMF with power density of 0.1 W/m 2 , 10 times during 24 h for 4 min. Blood samples were collected to determine T 4 , T 3 and CORT concentrations on the 12th (E12) and 18th (E18) day of incubation, from newly hatched chicks (D1) and from birds ready for slaughter (D42). Results: The experiment showed that T 4 and T 3 concentrations decreased markedly and CORT levels increased in the embryos and in the newly hatched chicks exposed to EMF during embryogenesis. However, no changes were found in the level of the analyzed hormones in the birds ready for slaughter. Differences in T 4 and T 3 plasma concentrations between the EMF-exposed group and the embryos incubated without additional EMF were the highest in the newly hatched chicks, which may be indicative of the cumulative effect of electromagnetic field on the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPT). Discussion: The obtained results suggest that additional 1800 MHz radio frequency electromagnetic field inhibits function of HPT axis, however, it stimulates hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis by inducing adrenal steroidogenic cells to synthesize corticosterone. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which radio EMFs affect HPT and HPA axis function in the chicken embryos. Key words: Electromagnetic fields, Mobile phone, Thyroid hormone, Corticosterone, Chicken embryoThis study was performed under the project NN311536340 Chicken embryo as a model in the studies on the influence of radio frequency electromagnetic fields on the embryogenesis process and DS 3210/KHDZFiZ. Manager of project: Krzysztof Pawlak, PhD.

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“…The observed effects of cortisol on immunoreactive ACTH in the pituitary of chicken embryos suggest that negative feedback of adrenal glucocorticoids on pituitary ACTH release is already functional on day 11 (Kalliecharan & Buffett, 1982). A 2-hour in vitro CORT treatment of pituitaries taken from 17-day-old embryos caused a marginal decrease in hypophyseal POMC mRNA levels (Vandenborne et al, 2005). The presence of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) mRNA in the pituitary gland of chick embryos Kwok et al, 2007) may also point towards the existence of a negative feedback effect of glucocorticoids at the level of ACTH synthesis or release, though it has not been shown yet that these receptors are expressed by the corticotropes, let alone that they interact with ACTH synthesis, processing or secretion.…”

Section: Feedback Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The predominant cause of the increased thyroidal activity during the last week of embryonic development may be an elevated hypothalamic top-down stimulation. Both TRH and CRH levels in the hypothalamic region of the brain increase steadily towards hatching (Geris et al, 1999b;Vandenborne et al, 2005) and the decreasing CRH content of the median eminence towards day 19 is suggestive for an increased CRH secretion (Vandenborne et al, 2005). However, the role of endogenous TRH and CRH in the control of TSH (Burt & White, 2007;Cogburn et al, 2007) and has reconfirmed the chicken as an exceptional model organism in developmental biology (Stern, 2005;Davey & Tickle, 2007).…”

Section: Endocrine Events In the Last Week Of Embryonic Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chicken embryo as a model for developmental endocrinology: Development of the thyrotropic, corticotropic, and somatotropic axes

Groef

Grommen

Darras

2008

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.Page 1 of 37A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 3 The chick as a traditional model for developmental endocrinologyFor more than 2 millennia, the chicken has been a popular animal model to study embryology and developmental biology (Stern, 2005). This is due to some intrinsic advantages that the chicken embryo offers in comparison with mammalian embryonic models. Fertilized chicken eggs are low in cost and in abundant supply, and the chicken embryo is quite large and easily accessible during its entire amniotic development (Murphy & Clark, 1990). Simply by putting a number of fertilized eggs in the incubator, hundreds to thousands of embryos with a more or less synchronized development can be obtained. Furthermore, as the only endocrine connection with the mother is through hormone deposits in the egg yolk, avian embryonic development is relatively independent of changes in maternal physiology that occur after deposition of the egg, which is particularly interesting in view of endocrinological manipulations. The simplicity of direct manipulation of the embryonic endocrine interior without triggering maternal interference makes the chicken embryo a valuable model for the study of development and function of hormonal systems (Decuypere et al., 1990;Jenkins & Porter, 2004). As such, the chicken embryo is used as a model to study the cellular and subcellular differentiation and maturation of endocrine glands, ontogenic changes in the sensitivity or responsiveness of the glands and their target organs, and the development of top-down and bottom-up regulatory systems (Scanes et al., 1987). In general, the control and function of the endocrine axes are similar in birds and mammals. It should be noted, however, that the development of some endocrine systems, especially the thyroidal axis, differs considerably between precocial and altricial species. On the one hand, this limits the generalizability of the Page 4 of 37 A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 4 chicken embryo model to other avian speci...

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Corticosterone-induced negative feedback mechanisms within the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis of the chicken

Cited by 42 publications

References 47 publications

Experimentally reduced corticosterone release promotes early breeding in black-legged kittiwakes

Experimentally reduced corticosterone release promotes early breeding in black-legged kittiwakes

Plasma thyroid hormones and corticosterone levels in blood of chicken embryos and post hatch chickens exposed during incubation to 1800 MHz electromagnetic field

The chicken embryo as a model for developmental endocrinology: Development of the thyrotropic, corticotropic, and somatotropic axes

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