Corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) facilitates axon outgrowth

Yuan, Hongbin; Xu, Shaochun; Wang, Y; Wang, C; Zhu, Quing; Rk, Yang; Chen, X; Yang, Ping; Shi, Xun

doi:10.1038/sc.2010.47

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Moreover, a co-overexpression of CRH with pain-relevant neuropeptides has been observed in DRG and nociceptors [31]. Another hypothesis suggests a role in nerve regeneration by releasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and promoting axonal outgrowth [13]. So far, neuronal CRH expression has been described mainly in the hypothalamus [32]: only little is known about its role in sensory neurons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, an overexpression of transient potential receptor V1 (TRPV1) and voltage-gated sodium channels has been observed in spared dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons after ligation [12]. However, most research on “uninjured afferent” neurons [13] originate from comparisons between injured and not-injured DRG (e.g. L4 after spinal nerve ligation (SNL) of L5, or spared nerve branches after partial ligation, see [14]) rather than neighboring neurons of the same DRG.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Transcriptional Profiling of Damaged and Intact Adjacent Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons in Neuropathic Pain

et al. 2015

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Neuropathic pain, caused by a lesion in the somatosensory system, is a severely impairing mostly chronic disease. While its underlying molecular mechanisms are not thoroughly understood, neuroimmune interactions as well as changes in the pain pathway such as sensitization of nociceptors have been implicated. It has been shown that not only are different cell types involved in generation and maintenance of neuropathic pain, like neurons, immune and glial cells, but, also, intact adjacent neurons are relevant to the process. Here, we describe an experimental approach to discriminate damaged from intact adjacent neurons in the same dorsal root ganglion (DRG) using differential fluorescent neuronal labelling and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Two fluorescent tracers, Fluoroemerald (FE) and 1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI), were used, whose properties allow us to distinguish between damaged and intact neurons. Subsequent sorting permitted transcriptional analysis of both groups. Results and qPCR validation show a strong regulation in damaged neurons versus contralateral controls as well as a moderate regulation in adjacent neurons. Data for damaged neurons reveal an mRNA expression pattern consistent with established upregulated genes like galanin, which supports our approach. Moreover, novel genes were found strongly regulated such as corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), providing novel targets for further research. Differential fluorescent neuronal labelling and sorting allows for a clear distinction between primarily damaged neuropathic neurons and “bystanders,” thereby facilitating a more detailed understanding of their respective roles in neuropathic processes in the DRG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Transcriptional Profiling of Damaged and Intact Adjacent Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons in Neuropathic Pain

et al. 2015

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“…Existing literature on CRH is limited and only indirectly applies to oligodendrogenesis [288,289], although CRH elevates cAMP levels in OPCs [290]. Existing research regarding NE is more abundant, and adrenoreceptors are found across the OL lineage.…”

Section: Non-classical Hormones: Neurohormones Neuromodulators and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal Regulation of Oligodendrogenesis I: Effects across the Lifespan

et al. 2021

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The brain’s capacity to respond to changing environments via hormonal signaling is critical to fine-tuned function. An emerging body of literature highlights a role for myelin plasticity as a prominent type of experience-dependent plasticity in the adult brain. Myelin plasticity is driven by oligodendrocytes (OLs) and their precursor cells (OPCs). OPC differentiation regulates the trajectory of myelin production throughout development, and importantly, OPCs maintain the ability to proliferate and generate new OLs throughout adulthood. The process of oligodendrogenesis, the creation of new OLs, can be dramatically influenced during early development and in adulthood by internal and environmental conditions such as hormones. Here, we review the current literature describing hormonal regulation of oligodendrogenesis within physiological conditions, focusing on several classes of hormones: steroid, peptide, and thyroid hormones. We discuss hormonal regulation at each stage of oligodendrogenesis and describe mechanisms of action, where known. Overall, the majority of hormones enhance oligodendrogenesis, increasing OPC differentiation and inducing maturation and myelin production in OLs. The mechanisms underlying these processes vary for each hormone but may ultimately converge upon common signaling pathways, mediated by specific receptors expressed across the OL lineage. However, not all of the mechanisms have been fully elucidated, and here, we note the remaining gaps in the literature, including the complex interactions between hormonal systems and with the immune system. In the companion manuscript in this issue, we discuss the implications of hormonal regulation of oligodendrogenesis for neurological and psychiatric disorders characterized by white matter loss. Ultimately, a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of hormonal regulation of oligodendrogenesis across the entire lifespan, especially in vivo, will progress both basic and translational research.

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“…Synapsins were proposed as the optimal candidates to modulate neurite outgrowth in the first stages of neuronal development, owing to their abilities to modulate polymerization and assembly of actin [48]. Recently, it has been demonstrated that corticotrophin-releasing hormone facilitates the outgrowth of axon in spinal neurons [49]. As reported by Sahin and colleagues [50], neuronal guanine nucleotide exchange factor plays an important role in Eph-mediated axon guidance by promoting outgrowth in the absence of ephrins and retraction in the presence of ephrins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(Dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) Affects Gene Expression in PC12 Cells Differentiating into Neuronal-Like Cells

2013

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IntroductionMicrofluidics systems usually consist of materials like PMMA - poly(methyl methacrylate) and PDMS - poly(dimethylsiloxane) and not polystyrene (PS), which is usually used for cell culture. Cellular and molecular responses in cells grown on PS are well characterized due to decades of accumulated research. In contrast, the experience base is limited for materials used in microfludics chip fabrication.MethodsThe effect of different materials (PS, PMMA and perforated PMMA with a piece of PDMS underneath) on the growth and differentiation of PC12 (adrenal phaeochromocytoma) cells into neuronal-like cells was investigated using cell viability, cell cycle distribution, morphology, and gene expression analysis.Results/ConclusionsAfter differentiation, the morphology, viability and cell cycle distribution of PC12 cells grown on PS, PMMA with and without PDMS underneath was the same. By contrast, 41 genes showed different expression for PC12 cells differentiating on PMMA as compared to on PS. In contrast, 677 genes showed different expression on PMMA with PDMS underneath as compared with PC12 cells on PS. The differentially expressed genes are involved in neuronal cell development and function. However, there were also many markers for neuronal cell development and functions that were expressed similarly in cells differentiating on PS, PMMA and PMMA with PDMS underneath. In conclusion, it was shown that PMMA has a minor impact and PDMS a major impact on gene expression in PC12 cells.

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Corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) facilitates axon outgrowth

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Differential Transcriptional Profiling of Damaged and Intact Adjacent Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons in Neuropathic Pain

Differential Transcriptional Profiling of Damaged and Intact Adjacent Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons in Neuropathic Pain

Hormonal Regulation of Oligodendrogenesis I: Effects across the Lifespan

Poly(Dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) Affects Gene Expression in PC12 Cells Differentiating into Neuronal-Like Cells

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