Corticotropin-releasing factor stimulates colonic motility<i>via</i>muscarinic receptors in the rat

Kim, Kyung‐Jo; Kim, Ki Bae; Yoon, Soon Man; Han, Joung-Ho; Chae, Hee Bok; Park, Seon Mee; Youn, Sei Jin

doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i21.3825

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The hypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRF) is considered the main mediator of the psychosocial stress in mammals [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Centrally or peripherally injected, CRF causes adverse intestinal responses that mimic those produced by stress [ 33 , 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Otilonium Bromide Prevents Cholinergic Changes in the Distal Colon Induced by Chronic Water Avoidance Stress, a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Traini

Idrizaj

Biagioni

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Irritable Bowel syndrome (IBS) is a highly widespread gastrointestinal disorder whose symptomatology mainly affect the large intestine. Among the risk factors, psychosocial stress is the most acknowledged. The repeated water avoidance stress (rWAS) is considered an animal model of psychosocial stress that is capable of mimicking IBS. Otilonium bromide (OB), which is orally administered, concentrates in the large bowel and controls most of the IBS symptoms in humans. Several reports have shown that OB has multiple mechanisms of action and cellular targets. We investigated whether the application of rWAS to rats induced morphological and functional alterations of the cholinergic neurotransmission in the distal colon and whether OB prevented them. The results demonstrated that rWAS affects cholinergic neurotransmission by causing an increase in acid mucin secretion, in the amplitude of electrically evoked contractile responses, abolished by atropine, and in the number of myenteric neurons expressing choline acetyltransferase. OB counteracted these changes and also showed an intrinsic antimuscarinic effect on the post-synaptic muscular receptors. We assume that the rWAS consequences on the cholinergic system are linked to corticotrophin-releasing factor-1 (CRF1) receptor activation by the CRF hypothalamic hormone. OB, by interfering with the CFR/CRFr activation, interrupted the cascade events responsible for the changes affecting the rWAS rat colon.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Otilonium Bromide Prevents Cholinergic Changes in the Distal Colon Induced by Chronic Water Avoidance Stress, a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Traini

Idrizaj

Biagioni

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…It had been reported that stress increased ACh-induced colon contraction compared to controls [ 8 ]. Also, corticotropin-releasing factor (the main activator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis under stress) increased colonic motility and this effect could be inhibited by atropine pre-treatment, suggesting that cholinergic signaling is involved through muscarinic receptors [ 25 ]. Corticotropin-releasing factor also stimulated propulsive colonic motor function and diarrhea in rats [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linalyl acetate restores colon contractility and blood pressure in repeatedly stressed-ulcerative colitis rats

Shin

Kwon

Hsieh

et al. 2022

Environ Health Prev Med

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Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is related to stress, but few studies have evaluated the influence of stress on factors affecting colon contractility in rats with UC. Also, there have been no studies investigating beneficial effects of linalyl acetate (LA), the major component of lavender essential oil, in repeatedly stressed-ulcerative colitis rats. Therefore, we investigated the differences in factors affecting colon contractility of UC rats with or without repeated restraint stress (RRS) and the effects of LA on these parameters in repeatedly stressed-UC rats. Methods: Rats were assigned to following groups: control, RRS, UC, RRS+UC, and RRS+UC treated with LA or sulfasalazine. To induce UC, rats were administered 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) water on days 1-5, followed by tap water on days 6-15 and DSS water on days 16-20. RRS was induced by immobilizing rats for 2 hr/day on days 1-20. LA or sulfasalazine were daily administered on days 16-20. Results: Disease activity index (DAI) was markedly increased in RRS+UC. Serum interleukin-6 levels and acetylcholine-induced colon contraction were higher in RRS+UC than in control, RRS and UC. Colon nitrite levels also significantly increased in RRS+UC compared to the control and RRS. Blood pressure (BP) was higher in RRS+UC than in the control and UC. Both LA and sulfasalazine was effective in decreasing DAI, colon nitrite levels, acetylcholine-induced colon contraction in RRS+UC. Sulfasalazine significantly reduced serum IL-6 levels in RRS+UC with decreasing tendency in RRS+UC treated by LA. Only LA significantly reduced BP in RRS+UC. Conclusions: Our findings emphasize the importance of stress management in UC patients. Also, LA may be beneficially used in repeatedly stressed-UC patients with high BP.

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“…As a key regulatory factor in the stress reaction, CRF can produce a series of biological effects, such as removing the system to consent stress excitation, accommodating endocrine, autonomic nerve, immunifaction, and regulating behavioral response [ 25 ]. Combining with its receptor, CRF could keep gastrointestinal motility in a stringent state, which accelerates colonic transmission and causes watery diarrhea [ 26 , 27 ]. During colonic dynamo-actuation, the nucleus of the hypothalamus and locus caeruleus were major locus to stimulate colonic movement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokines in the colon, central nervous system and serum of irritable bowel syndrome rats

et al. 2021

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Objective The aim of this study was to detect the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in the colonic tissue and serum of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) rats, as well as the distribution and expression of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in the spinal cord and brain of the visceral hypersensitivity rats, thus to ascertain the mechanism of visceral hypersensitivity signal conduction pathway. Methods The expression of IL-1β and TGF-β1 in the colonic tissue and serum of IBS rats was screened by the liquid chip technology and verified by RT-PCR technology. Then the quantitative analysis of CRF in the spinal cord and brain was achieved by the immunohistochemical method and computerized image system. Result The rat model with visceral hypersensitivity was successfully established. Among the screened indicators of IL-1β and TGF-β1 in colon tissue and serum, only the expression of IL-1β in the model group was up-regulated (P < 0.05). The immunohistochemical method showed that CRF was expressed in the spinal cord, hypothalamus, and the third ventricle. The positive index number of the model groups was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion From the research, it can be inferred that IL-1β may participate in the pathogenesis mechanism of IBS via regulating the colon function. The increasing expression of CRF linked to stress in the spinal cord, hypothalamus and the third ventricle indicated that it might play an important role in the mechanisms of visceral hypersensitivity signal conduction pathway.

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Corticotropin-releasing factor stimulates colonic motilityviamuscarinic receptors in the rat

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Otilonium Bromide Prevents Cholinergic Changes in the Distal Colon Induced by Chronic Water Avoidance Stress, a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Otilonium Bromide Prevents Cholinergic Changes in the Distal Colon Induced by Chronic Water Avoidance Stress, a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Linalyl acetate restores colon contractility and blood pressure in repeatedly stressed-ulcerative colitis rats

Cytokines in the colon, central nervous system and serum of irritable bowel syndrome rats

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