Cortisol secretion and stress in maximum security hospital patients

Woodman, David; Hinton, J.W.; O'Neill, Michael

doi:10.1016/0022-3999(78)90040-5

Cited by 47 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Cortisol reactivity or the direction of change in levels following a stressor also is related to antisocial behavior. Some studies show attenuated cortisol response in reaction to experimental stressors (Moss et al, 1995;van Goozen et al, 1998;Woodman et al, 1978). In other studies, hyperresponsivity of the HPA axis is related to antisocial behavior (Brody, 2002;Fishbein et al, 1992;Tucker-Halpern et al, 2002;Susman et al, 1997).…”

Section: Hpa Axis and Antisocial Behaviormentioning

confidence: 96%

Psychobiology of persistent antisocial behavior: Stress, early vulnerabilities and the attenuation hypothesis

Susman

2006

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

303

316

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Section: Hpa Axis and Antisocial Behaviormentioning

confidence: 96%

Psychobiology of persistent antisocial behavior: Stress, early vulnerabilities and the attenuation hypothesis

Susman

2006

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

303

316

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“…While an association between low cortisol levels and antisocial behavior has consistently been found in adults (Virkkunen, 1985;King et al, 2001;Woodman et al, 1978), findings in children and adolescents are less clear. Some studies in minors demonstrated low cortisol levels in resting conditions to be associated with antisocial behavior (Pajer et al, 2001;McBurnett et al, 2000;Tennes et al, 1986;Tennes and Kreye, 1985), whereas others did not report a significant relationship (Azar et al, 2004;Schulz et al, 1997;Kruesi et al, 1989;Scerbo and Kolko, 1994;Klimes-Dougan et al, 2001;Stoff et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Diurnal Cortisol Cycle in Delinquent Male Adolescents and Normal Controls

Popma

Doreleijers

Jansen

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Patterns of low hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activity have been observed in antisocial groups. As conflicting results have been reported in children and adolescents, the aim of this study was to further investigate HPA activity in antisocial behavior by studying the relationship between the diurnal cortisol cycle, as well as the cortisol awakening response (CAR), and antisocial behavior in male adolescents. The diurnal cortisol cycle and the CAR during the first hour after awakening were compared between 12-to 14-year-old boys who attended a delinquency diversion program (DP), with and without a disruptive behavior disorder (DBD) (respectively DP + ; n ¼ 24 and DPÀ; n ¼ 65), and matched normal controls (NC; n ¼ 32). The DP + group, but not the DPÀ group, showed a significantly slower decrease of cortisol during the diurnal cycle than the NC group. Furthermore, the DP + group had significantly lower cortisol levels in the first hour after awakening as compared with the NC group. The results indicate altered HPA activity in delinquent boys with a DBD. Etiological mechanisms, directions for future research, and clinical implications are discussed.

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“…Comparisons between patients who did and did not meet the antisocial personality disorder adult criteria did not reveal any signifi cant difference in DHEA-S or in cortisol responsivity. This could be attributed to the nature of the criteria used to defi ne the adult disorder, which focus mostly on a failure to conform to social tisocial adults by Woodman et al [2] , Virkunnen [3] , King et al [4] and in boys whose antisocial behaviors were uncomplicated by co-morbid anxiety or psychoses. Boys with low cortisol levels were found to be aggressive [5,6] , to be hostile to teachers [7] or to have a diagnosis of conduct disorder (CD) [8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine Addicts with Conduct Disorder Are Typified by Decreased Cortisol Responsivity and High Plasma Levels of DHEA-S

Buydens‐Branchey

Branchey

2004

Neuropsychobiology

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There is evidence that children with antisocial behaviors have increased plasma levels of the adrenal androgen dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and either a decreased level of another adrenal steroid, cortisol, or a decreased cortisol responsivity to stress. Low levels of cortisol have also been reported in antisocial adults but their levels of DHEA-S have not been studied. The present study was designed to perform in adult cocaine addicts simultaneous assessments of DHEA-S and cortisol as a function of a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder (adult symptoms) and of a retrospective diagnosis of conduct disorder (CD). Basal cortisol and DHEA-S were determined in the plasma samples of 40 hospitalized men. The patients’ cortisol responsivity was also assessed while they were being exposed to a stressful situation. Patients who had a retrospective CD diagnosis had significantly increased DHEA-S levels and secreted less cortisol when stressed. Comparisons between patients who did and did not meet the antisocial personality disorder adult criteria did not reveal any significant difference in DHEA-S or in cortisol responsivity. This could be attributed to the nature of the criteria used to define the adult disorder, which focus mostly on a failure to conform to social norms, whereas a number of CD criteria involve displays of some degree of violence. In conclusion, adults who retrospectively qualified for a CD diagnosis had increased DHEA-S levels and a decreased cortisol reactivity, confirming observations made in children and indicating that mechanisms underlying adrenal steroid alterations in childhood could still be at play in adulthood.

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Cortisol secretion and stress in maximum security hospital patients

Cited by 47 publications

References 11 publications

Psychobiology of persistent antisocial behavior: Stress, early vulnerabilities and the attenuation hypothesis

Psychobiology of persistent antisocial behavior: Stress, early vulnerabilities and the attenuation hypothesis

The Diurnal Cortisol Cycle in Delinquent Male Adolescents and Normal Controls

Cocaine Addicts with Conduct Disorder Are Typified by Decreased Cortisol Responsivity and High Plasma Levels of DHEA-S

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