Corynebacterium Vaginale and Vaginitis: A Controlled Trial of Treatment

Balsdon, MichaelJ; Taylor, G S; Maskell, Rosalind; Pead, Linda

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(80)92762-2

Cited by 95 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Metronidazole is commonly used and gives initial cure rates of approximately 90% or better (8,17,79,108,146,167,170,226,237). Metronidazole becomes widely distributed in the body and undergoes oxidative metabolism in the liver, with the formation of several metabolites (132).…”

Section: Susceptibility To Chemotherapeutic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, anaerobic conditions were used by many workers for tests of metronidazole activity (8,9,58,108,127,145,170,209,242). The hydroxy metabolite of metronidazole is at least two to four times more active than the parent metronidazole for most G. vaginalis strains (108, 171, 178, 209, 222; Table 2).…”

Section: Susceptibility To Chemotherapeutic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5, 1992 >50 (127), 64 (139), and >128 (62),ug/ml. Therapeutic trials of tetracycline and doxycycline in patients with bacterial vaginosis gave some cures and many failures (8,131,170,171 The Tet M determinant is responsible for tetracycline resistance in G. vaginalis (62,190,191). First recognized in streptococci, Tet M is often associated with a conjugative transposon located in the streptococcal chromosome.…”

Section: Susceptibility To Chemotherapeutic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although a mild disease (5,8), it is a risk factor for obstetric infections, various adverse outcomes of pregnancy, and pelvic inflammatory disease (65, 87, 90, 136, 193, 216, 241). VOL.…”

Section: Significance Of G Vaginalis Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gardnerella vaginalis: characteristics, clinical considerations, and controversies

1992

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The clinical significance, Gram stain reaction, and genus affiliation of Gardnerella vaginalis have been controversial since Gardner and Dukes described the organism as the cause of "nonspecific vaginitis," a common disease of women which is now called bacterial vaginosis. The organism was named G. vaginalis when taxonomic studies showed that it was unrelated to bacteria in various genera including Haemophilus and Corynebacterium. Electron microscopy and chemical analyses have elucidated the organism's gram-variable reaction. Controversy over the etiology of bacterial vaginosis was largely resolved by (i) studies using improved media and methods for the isolation and identification of bacteria in vaginal fluids and (ii) standardization of criteria for clinical and laboratory diagnosis. Besides G. vaginalis, Mobiluncus spp., Mycoplasma hominis, and certain obligate anaerobes are now acknowledged as participants in bacterial vaginosis. The finding that G. vaginalis, Mobiluncus spp., and M. hominis inhabit the rectum indicates a potential source of autoinfection in addition to sexual transmission. Extravaginal infections with G. vaginalis are increasingly recognized, especially when the toxic anticoagulant polyanetholesulfonate is omitted from blood cultures and when urine cultures are incubated anaerobically for 48 h. The finding that mares harbor G. vaginalis suggests that an equine model can be developed for studies of Gardnerella pathogenesis.

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Section: Susceptibility To Chemotherapeutic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Susceptibility To Chemotherapeutic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Susceptibility To Chemotherapeutic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although a mild disease (5,8), it is a risk factor for obstetric infections, various adverse outcomes of pregnancy, and pelvic inflammatory disease (65, 87, 90, 136, 193, 216, 241). VOL.…”

Section: Significance Of G Vaginalis Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Gardnerella vaginalis: characteristics, clinical considerations, and controversies

1992

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“…The antibacterial activity of metronidazole against many obligate anaerobes, including Bacteroides fragilis, is well established, but only recently has there been in vitro and in vivo evidence of activity against strains of Haemophilus vaginalis (Corynebacterium vaginale), a facultative anaerobe (1,7,9,12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metronidazole in treatment against Haemophilus vaginalis (Corynebacterium vaginale)

Ralph¹,

Amatnieks²

1980

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The rate of bactericidal activity and inactivation of metronidazole was studied in time-kill curves with Haemophilus vaginalis (Corynebacterium vaginale). The miniimum inhibitory concentrations of metronidazole for the eight strains tested ranged from 4 to 16 ,ug/ml. At a concentration of 20 ,ug/ml, metronidazole demonstrated a slow cidal effect against exponential-phase organisms, requiring 24 to 48 h for completion. Inactivation of metronidazole during the time-kill curve was quite variable and averaged 28% of the starting concentration after 48 h. Against stationary-phase organisms (inoculum, 1010 to 1011 colony-forming units per ml), a slow cidal effect was also seen, with an average inactivation of metronidazole of 38% after 48 h. At a subinhibitory concentration of 5 ,ig/ml, metronidazole was inactivated to the greatest degree (57% after 48 h). Therefore, in contrast to earlier studies in which metronidazole was rapidly and consistently cidal within 4 h against obligate anaerobes and was almost completely inactivated by 8 h, the bactericidal effect of metronidazole against H. vaginalis in this study was much slower and was associated with a variable and slower rate of inactivation.

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Comparison of Single-Dose vs One-Week Course of Metronidazole for Symptomatic Bacterial Vaginosis

Swedberg¹,

Steiner²,

Deiss³

et al. 1985

JAMA

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In a prospective, single-blind, randomized study, a single 2-g dose of metronidazole was compared with a seven-day course of 500 mg given twice daily in the treatment of symptomatic vaginal discharge associated with Gardnerella vaginalis. Based on resolution of symptoms and on cultures negative for G vaginalis, 86% (40/46) of women treated with the single dose and 97% (35/36) of women treated with the seven-day course were considered cured at seven to ten days after treatment. Evaluation at 21 days after treatment, however, indicated that only 46% (16/34) of patients treated with the single 2-g dose were considered cured compared with 86% (26/30) of those treated with the seven-day course. Treatment of sexual contacts did not significantly improve cure rates in either group.

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Corynebacterium Vaginale and Vaginitis: A Controlled Trial of Treatment

Cited by 95 publications

References 12 publications

Gardnerella vaginalis: characteristics, clinical considerations, and controversies

Gardnerella vaginalis: characteristics, clinical considerations, and controversies

Metronidazole in treatment against Haemophilus vaginalis (Corynebacterium vaginale)

Comparison of Single-Dose vs One-Week Course of Metronidazole for Symptomatic Bacterial Vaginosis

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