Coseismic and postseismic deformation due to the 2007 <i>M</i>5.5 Ghazaband fault earthquake, Balochistan, Pakistan

Fattahi, H.; Amelung, F.; Chaussard, Estelle; Wdowinski, S.

doi:10.1002/2015gl063686

Cited by 43 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…2d), has in some cases been found to be associated with creep along shallow faults, caused by changes in the local stress field due to co-seismic slip on adjacent faults (Nishimura et al 2008;Copley & Reynolds 2014;Fattahi et al 2015;Copley & Jolivet 2016). The InSAR observations at Bam indicate that parts of the Bam-Baravat Fault began creeping after the 2003 earthquake (see Fig.…”

Section: G Ro W T H O F T H E B a M -B A R Avat R I D G E A N D L I Tmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fault mechanics and post-seismic deformation at Bam, SE Iran

Wimpenny¹,

Copley²,

Ingleby

2017

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YThe extent to which aseismic deformation relaxes co-seismic stress changes on a fault zone is fundamental to assessing the future seismic hazard following any earthquake, and in understanding the mechanical behaviour of faults. Here we use models of stress-driven afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation, in conjunction with post-seismic InSAR measurements, to show that there has been minimal release of co-seismic stress changes through post-seismic deformation following the 2003 M w 6.6 Bam earthquake. Our analysis indicates the faults at Bam remain predominantly locked, suggesting that the co-plus interseismically accumulated elastic strain stored downdip of the 2003 rupture patch may be released in a future M w 6 earthquake. Our observations and models also provide an opportunity to probe the growth of topography at Bam. We find that, for our modelled afterslip distribution to be consistent with forming the sharp step in the local topography over repeated earthquake cycles, and also to be consistent with the geodetic observations, requires either (1) far-field tectonic loading equivalent to a 2-10 MPa deviatoric stress acting across the fault system, which suggests it supports stresses 60-100 times less than classical views of static fault strength, or (2) that the fault surface has some form of mechanical anisotropy, potentially related to corrugations on the fault plane, that controls the sense of slip.

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Section: G Ro W T H O F T H E B a M -B A R Avat R I D G E A N D L I Tmentioning

confidence: 98%

Fault mechanics and post-seismic deformation at Bam, SE Iran

Wimpenny¹,

Copley²,

Ingleby

2017

Geophysical Journal International

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“…Postseismic deformation has been observed following about 25 continental earthquakes. In some cases, the deformation is comparable in magnitude to the deformation that occurs during earthquakes, but in other cases it is a small fraction of the coseismic deformation (Fattahi et al, 2015). In Wright et al (2013) we reviewed geodetic studies of postseismic deformation.…”

Section: Postseismic Deformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The earthquake deformation cycle

Wright

2016

A&G

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Abstract/Intro Paragraph.Earthquakes seem impossible to predict, yet they are associated with the slow deformation of tectonic plates. In the 2015 Bullerwell lecture, Tim Wright reviews observations of time-dependent surface deformation in fault zones, and uses these observations to place constraints on feasible models of the earthquake deformation cycle. The results have implications for the mechanics of fault zones and the strength of the continental lithosphere, and are critical if we are to use short-term geodetic observations as tool for assessing seismic hazard.

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“…Chaman fault abruptly terminates the western edge of the Chaman fault system [9]. Chaman fault system comprises of Ornach Nal, Ghazaband and Chaman sinistral strike slip faults [11]. Southwards, Chaman fault connects with Siahan, Panjgur and Hoshab faults which are faults of Makran ranges and these faults accommodate; the shear between India and Eurasia and shortening due to convergence of Arabia and Eurasia [11].…”

Section: Tectonics Of the Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chaman fault system comprises of Ornach Nal, Ghazaband and Chaman sinistral strike slip faults [11]. Southwards, Chaman fault connects with Siahan, Panjgur and Hoshab faults which are faults of Makran ranges and these faults accommodate; the shear between India and Eurasia and shortening due to convergence of Arabia and Eurasia [11]. Chaman and Ornach-Nal faults that are left lateral strike slip faults govern the colliding Indian and Eurasian Plate tectonics.…”

Section: Tectonics Of the Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of 2013 M<sub>w</sub> 7.7 Awaran Earthquake, Pakistan

Mahmood

Iqbal

Mughal

et al. 2017

ILNS

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Abstract. Earthquake is a major disaster responsible for vast losses both life and infrastructure. Pakistan is one of the highly earthquake prone areas in Asia. The present study is carried out to investigate the dynamics of disastrous Awaran earthquake. The 2013 Mw 7.7 Awaran earthquake and its Mw 6.8 aftershock caused numerous loss of lives and vast infrastructure damages. The earthquake triggered along Hoshab fault rupturing 230 km of the fault. The rupture propagated at 3 Km/s on average and was concentrated in top 10 km with no major displacement in the underlying decollement. The rupture released a cumulative moment of 5.4 x 1020 Nm. This study reveals that although Hoshab fault originated as thrust fault, the slip was purely strike slip during the earthquake and that the rigid block rotation of southeastern Makran is responsible for the Awaran earthquake. The study concludes that the earthquake significantly increased the coulomb stress on Makran mega thrust and strike slip faults in Chaman fault system, hence increasing the risk of a major seismic event. Therefore, in order to prevent major loss of lives and infrastructure damages; designing of new building codes, reassessing the seismic hazard of the region and marking of hidden faults is of utmost importance.

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Coseismic and postseismic deformation due to the 2007 M5.5 Ghazaband fault earthquake, Balochistan, Pakistan

Cited by 43 publications

References 41 publications

Fault mechanics and post-seismic deformation at Bam, SE Iran

Fault mechanics and post-seismic deformation at Bam, SE Iran

The earthquake deformation cycle

An Investigation of 2013 M<sub>w</sub> 7.7 Awaran Earthquake, Pakistan

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