Cost-effective fibrinolytic enzyme production by microalga Dunaliella tertiolecta using medium supplemented with corn steep liquor

Fibrinolytic Enzyme from Green Microalgae: A New Potential Drug for Thrombolytic Therapy?

“…However, although the 0-40% ammonium sulfate fraction exhibited the highest fibrinolytic activity (625 ± 20.2 U•mg −1 ), the acetone fraction showed better performance due to its potential fibrinolytic activity (567 ± 49.3 U•mg −1 ) and the highest enzyme yield of 80.3%. These results are similar to those reported by Barros et al [8] and Silva et al [9] for the fibrinolytic enzymes from A. platensis and D. tertiolecta, which showed fibrinolytic activity of 256 U•mg −1 (yield = 53.8%) and 435 U•mg −1 (yield = 37%), respectively.…”

“…Similar results were observed in the T. obliquus extracts from the mixotrophic cultures using 0.25% CSL, which also showed higher protease (12.5 ± 2.94 U•mg −1 ) and fibrinolytic (391 ± 40.0 U•mg −1 ) activities using the homogenization method when compared to the sonication methods. These data were similar to those obtained by Silva et al [9] which showed that the fibrinolytic activity from D. tertiolecta was 819 and 422 U•mg −1 using homogenization and sonication, respectively. This can be explained by the possible enzyme denaturation caused by the prolonged sonication time, high temperature, or elevated frequency, as reported by Sukor et al [37] and Ranjha et al [38].…”

“…In the CSL concentration higher than 0.50%, no T. obliquus cell growth was observed. Similar results were observed in the mixotrophic cultivation of A. platensis and D. tertiolecta using CSL concentrations above 0.6% and 1.0%, which inhibited cell growth [8,9].…”

“…In this sense, fibrinolytic enzymes from photosynthetic microorganisms such as Chlorella vulgaris, Arthrospira platensis, and Dunaliella tertiolecta have shown promising antithrombotic effects [7][8][9]. However, up to now, there is no report on the fibrinolytic potential of the Tetradesmus genus, although some bioactive compounds such as lectin, linoleic acid, and flavonoids with anticancer and antimicrobial activities have already been reported in the literature [10][11][12].…”

“…Corn steep liquor (CSL) is a by-product from the corn wetmilling industries and has high amounts of carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins, organic acids, and minerals, being a nitrogen-rich source used for the microalgal cultivation [19]. By the way, this by-product has been successful in the production of fibrinolytic enzymes from C. vulgaris, A. platensis, and D. tertiolecta [7][8][9]. So, this study aims to evaluate and compare the biomass and fibrinolytic enzyme productions from T. obliquus cultivated under autotrophic and mixotrophic (using CSL) growth conditions.…”