Cost-Effective High-Performance Air-Filled SIW Antenna Array for the Global 5G 26 GHz and 28 GHz Bands

Abstract

A cost-effective, compact and high-performance antenna element for beamforming applications in all 5G New Radio bands in the [24.25-29.5] GHz spectrum is proposed. The novel antenna topology adopts a square patch, an edge-plated air-filled cavity, and an hourglass-shaped aperture-coupled feed to achieve a very high efficiency over a wide frequency band in a compact footprint (0.48λ0 × 0.48λ0). Its compliance with standard PCB fabrication technology, without complex multi-layer PCB stack, ensures low-cost fabrication. The antenna feedplane offers a platform for compact integration of active electronic circuitry. Two different modular 1×4 antenna arrays were realized to demonstrate its suitability for broadband multi-antenna systems. Measurements of the fabricated antenna element and the antenna array prototypes revealed a -10-dB impedance bandwidth of 7.15 GHz (26.8%) and 8.2 GHz (30.83%), resp. The stand-alone antenna features a stable peak gain of 7.4 ± 0.6 dBi in the [24.25-29.5] GHz band and a measured total efficiency of at least 85%. The 1×4 array provides a peak gain of 10.1 ± 0.7 dBi and enables grating-lobe-free beamsteering from -50 • to 50 • .

SPDT discrete switch design using switchable SIW resonators for millimeter wave MIMO transceiver

“…The comparison was made at the center frequency of 25.875 GHz in the 26 GHz band for 5G millimeter wave communications. Therefore, the proposed SPDT switch design could be integrated with other millimeter wave sub-components such as antenna array [26], [27], bandpass filters [28], [29] and power amplifers [30], [31] for a complete system design of 5G millimeter wave communications as depicted in Figure 1.…”

Cost-Effective Surface-Mount Patch Antenna With Ring Slot Using Ball Grid Array Packaging for 5g Millimeter-Wave Applications

“…In addition, the multi-layer configuration in [9,[15][16][17] also increases the cost. The work based on singlelayer FR4 shows the advantage of ultra-low-cost.…”

“…On the other hand, the cost is one of the main challenges for 5G millimeter-wave antennas due to the high loss of high-frequency band. Recently, many cost-effective antennas have been reported [15][16][17][18][19]. FR4 substrate can be seen as an effective way to reduce costs.…”

Circularly polarized hybrid mode substrate integrated waveguide antenna for two quadrant scanning beamforming applications for 5G

“…However, the beam scanning rate is improved by slow wave SIW structure. 28 Air filled SIW 1 Â 4 antenna array is presented in 29 which shows AE50 beam scanning. The complex structure like butler matrix 4 Â 6 used with 6 elements linear antenna array achieved AE45 beam scanning.…”