Cost-effective supply chain for electric vehicle battery remanufacturing

Li, Lin; Dababneh, Fadwa; Zhao, Jing

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.05.115

Cited by 123 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Li et al (2020) investigate the impacts of subsidy policy on EVs and conventional vehicle production decisions; they find that, in a coopetitive context, there exists an EV supply chain and a conventional vehicle supply chain with government subsidies and dual credit involved. In the context of the EV battery closed-loop supply chain, L. Li et al (2018) investigate a closed-loop supply chain network model for lithium-ion battery remanufacturing considering different quality levels of spent battery returns. In addition, hybrid EVs are a new trend in EV research.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Game-Theoretic Analytical Approach for Fostering Energy-Saving Innovation in the Electric Vehicle Supply Chain

Wang

Huang

2021

Sage Open

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Motivated by the industrial observation that electric vehicle (EV) manufacturers are often fully or partially outsourcing some specific components, for instance, powertrains and battery systems, and rely on their suppliers’ energy-saving innovation to improve their own EVs’ comprehensive performances, this study builds an analytical framework to investigate how different cooperation modes affect the EV supply chain’s energy-saving performance and firms’ profitability. As a main barrier preventing potential consumers from purchasing EVs, the consumer range anxiety for EVs’ performance was incorporated into the analytical model. Three primary cases and one strategic alliance case are sequentially analyzed. The results show that the supplier always self-motivates to implement energy-saving innovation to improve the performance of the core component, and the EV manufacturer is always willing to participate in its supplier’s energy-saving innovation by sharing a fraction of the investment. Moreover, a strategic alliance between the manufacturer and the supplier can effectively improve the profit of the whole supply chain. This strategic alliance can be coordinated through a generalized Nash-bargaining mechanism.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Game-Theoretic Analytical Approach for Fostering Energy-Saving Innovation in the Electric Vehicle Supply Chain

Wang

Huang

2021

Sage Open

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“…As shown in Figure 6, the costs incurred in the process of echelon utilization mainly include the purchase and transportation costs of retired batteries as well, as the costs of echelon utilization battery detection and regrouping. The revenue comes from battery sales revenue [42]. It should be noted that the cost of each link is different due to the difference in battery performance in primary and secondary echelon utilization.…”

Section: Battery Capacity Retention Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be seen in Figure 8 for details. As shown in Figure 8, the cost of the recycling process mainly includes purchase, transportation, and dismantling cost of the retired batteries (including the two situations of direct retirement from the NEVs or retirement after echelon utilization), and the revenue mainly comes from the sale of the recovered materials [42]. Therefore, the economic benefits of recycling can be calculated by Equation 11:…”

Section: Research On the Recycling Value Of Power Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Critical Issues for Power Battery Reusing of New Energy Vehicles in China

Liu

Hao

et al. 2020

Energies

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With the rapid development of new energy vehicles (NEVs) industry in China, the reusing of retired power batteries is becoming increasingly urgent. In this paper, the critical issues for power batteries reusing in China are systematically studied. First, the strategic value of power batteries reusing, and the main modes of battery reusing are analyzed. Second, the economic benefit models of power batteries echelon utilization and recycling are constructed. Finally, the economic benefits of lithium iron phosphate (LIP) battery and ternary lithium (TL) battery under different reusing modes are analyzed based on the economic benefit models. The results show that when the industrial chain is fully coordinated, LIP battery echelon utilization is profitable based on a reasonable scenario scheme. However, the multi-level echelon utilization is only practical under an ideal scenario, and more attention should be paid to the first level echelon utilization. Besides, the performance matching of different types of batteries has a great impact on the echelon utilization income. Thus, considering the huge potentials of China’s energy storage market, the design of automobile power batteries in the future should give due consideration to the performance requirements of energy storage batteries. Moreover, the TL battery could only be recycled directly, while the LIP has the feasibility of echelon utilization at present. At the same time, it will strengthen the cost advantage of the LIP battery, which deserves special attention.

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“…In particular, the lithium supply relies on a minority of countries and companies. China, Chile and Australia occupy 85% of the global production market, A method to alleviate supply issues is to develop lithium-ion battery remanufacturing and recycling to form a cost-effective supply chain for the electric vehicle battery industry [28,[35][36][37], as well as other modes of electric mobility. Lithium battery recycling is a long-term strategy to mitigate the magnitude of material shortages.…”

Section: Battery Raw Materials Limitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Hydrogen Fuel Cell Range Extender for Battery Electric Vehicles

Ren

Davies

et al. 2019

WEVJ

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Road transport is recognized as having a negative impact on the environment. Policy has focused on replacement of the internal combustion engine (ICE) with less polluting forms of technology, including battery electric and fuel cell electric powertrains. However, progress is slow and both battery and fuel cell based vehicles face considerable commercialization challenges. To understand these challenges, a review of current electric battery and fuel cell electric technologies is presented. Based on this review, this paper proposes a battery electric vehicle (BEV) where components are sized to take into account the majority of user requirements, with the remainder catered for by a trailer-based demountable intelligent fuel cell range extender. The proposed design can extend the range by more than 50% for small BEVs and 25% for large BEVs (the extended range of vehicles over 250 miles), reducing cost and increasing efficiency for the BEV. It enables BEV manufacturers to design their vehicle battery for the most common journeys, decreases charging time to provide convenience and flexibility to the drivers. Adopting a rent and drop business model reduces the demand on the raw materials, bridging the gap in the amount of charging (refueling) stations, and extending the lifespan for the battery pack.

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Cost-effective supply chain for electric vehicle battery remanufacturing

Cited by 123 publications

References 20 publications

A Game-Theoretic Analytical Approach for Fostering Energy-Saving Innovation in the Electric Vehicle Supply Chain

A Game-Theoretic Analytical Approach for Fostering Energy-Saving Innovation in the Electric Vehicle Supply Chain

Research on the Critical Issues for Power Battery Reusing of New Energy Vehicles in China

Intelligent Hydrogen Fuel Cell Range Extender for Battery Electric Vehicles

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