Cost-effectiveness of alternative powertrains for reduced energy use and CO2 emissions in passenger vehicles

Bishop, Justin D.K.; Martin, Niall P.D.; Boies, Adam M.

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.02.019

Cited by 61 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Among them, Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) are the most interesting solution. Despite their environmental advantages, significant technological barriers like battery low capacity and high costs [4] and the absence of a widespread charging infrastructure still limit the extensive adoption of plug-in vehicles [3,5,6]. By analyzing the results of a survey about the usage of electric vehicles, Egbue and Long [7] found that one of the social barriers to the usage of electric cars is that drivers are not convinced that EVs are better than some currently available conventional vehicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of emissions of CO2 and air pollutants from electric vehicles in Italian cities

et al. 2015

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of emissions of CO2 and air pollutants from electric vehicles in Italian cities

et al. 2015

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“…Assuming the battery is to be used for eight years, it is thus not possible to offset the investment cost faced in the case of MED opt = 800 yr À1 without reaching at least 800 ⁄ 8 = 6400 battery cycles in total. 18 The number of battery cycles tend to decrease with battery cost, since less expensive batteries mean that larger, less frequently cycled batteries minimize the total cost of ownership. Choosing a larger battery can lower the number of cycles per year, but this reduces the savings for the driver.…”

Section: Battery Cyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We refer to the latter three characteristics, which will vary between countries and regions, as individual (car) ''movement patterns'' and focus on these in this study. PHEV studies have many times utilized statistics for the movement patterns from travel surveys or other data with statistical distributions of daily driving distances [2][3][4][5][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. National and/or regional travel surveys are regularly gathered in many countries, but the focus is on the travel behavior of persons rather than the movement pattern of vehicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles: How individual movement patterns affect battery requirements, the potential to replace conventional fuels, and economic viability

Björnsson

Karlsson

2015

Applied Energy

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“…For this reason, the automotive industry and several governments have understood the electric vehicle as a technology that provides a more efficient transportation along with a gradual reduction of greenhouse gas emissions [4] and as a solution against the consumption of oil-based fuels [5] [6] [7]. Nonetheless, it is so important to assess the impact that the massive use of these vehicles could produce in the low and medium voltage grid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of electric energy required by electric vehicles based on travelled distances in a residential zone

et al. 2016

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This paper presents a methodology to estimate electric energy required by electric vehicles, taking into account driving habits and mobility statistics of private vehicles. Initially, a probability function of accumulated distances that an electric vehicle travels on a normal operation day is developed based on mobility patterns (travelled distances, number of trips, etc.). The obtained information is used to generate probability distributions for travelled distances by vehicles and for energy required by a vehicle after its daily operation. Probability distributions allow assigning to each vehicle a travelled distance and a required energy with a behavior based on real data. From obtained functions, energy required by each electric vehicle is analyzed, which is essential information to evaluate the effect of massive connection to the power grid. In this way, under the proposed methodology it is provided a tool that could predict the amount of energy required by a given quantity of electric vehicles that are connected to the grid. Finally, the proposed methodology was validated in Bogota, Colombia determining the probability distribution of the energy consumed per vehicle.Keywords: Probability Distribution, Travelled Distance, Energy Consumption, Electric Vehicles, Batteries. ResumenEste artículo plantea una metodología para estimar la energía eléctrica requerida por los vehículos eléctricos, teniendo en cuenta los hábitos de conducción y estadísticas de movilidad de los vehículos particulares. Inicialmente se construye la función de probabilidad de las distancias acumuladas que recorre el vehículo eléctrico en un día de operación normal a partir de los patrones de movilidad (distancias recorridas, número de desplazamientos, etc.). Con la información obtenida se generan distribuciones de probabilidad para las distancias recorridas por los vehículos y para la energía requerida por un vehículo luego de un día de recorrido normal. Las distribuciones de probabilidad permiten asignar a cada vehículo, una distancia recorrida y una energía requerida siguiendo un comportamiento basado en datos reales. Con las funciones obtenidas se determina la energía requerida por un vehículo, que es una información indispensable para evaluar el efecto de la conexión masiva de estos en la red eléctrica. De esta manera, bajo la metodología propuesta se provee una herramienta que permite predecir la cantidad de energía requerida por un determinado número de vehículos eléctricos que se conectan a la red. Finalmente, la metodología propuesta se valida en Bogotá, Colombia determinando la distribución de probabilidad que representa la energía consumida por vehículo.Palabras clave: Distribución de Probabilidad, Distancia Recorrida, Consumo de Energía, Vehículos Eléctricos, Baterías.

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Cost-effectiveness of alternative powertrains for reduced energy use and CO2 emissions in passenger vehicles

Cited by 61 publications

References 16 publications

Evaluation of emissions of CO2 and air pollutants from electric vehicles in Italian cities

Evaluation of emissions of CO2 and air pollutants from electric vehicles in Italian cities

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles: How individual movement patterns affect battery requirements, the potential to replace conventional fuels, and economic viability

Estimation of electric energy required by electric vehicles based on travelled distances in a residential zone

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