Costing of Ada-Recommended Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose: Early Results From a Northern Indian City Couplet

Deshwal, Shavita; Barola, Anjana; Tiwari, Pramil

doi:10.1016/j.jval.2016.03.705

Cited by 3 publications

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“…This is in contrast to some western countries; for example, in the UK, SMBG equipment is free to those with diabetes, 9 while it costs INR 46,581 (USD 715) annually if an individual living in India practiced SMBG 6 times a day. 39 Reflecting this, research indicates that SMBG was practiced more frequently in some western countries (e.g., Australia with 88.4%) 40 than in India (2%-46.7%). 6,9 Physicians responded to the financial barrier by keeping their consultation fee to a minimum and admitting that reducing other costs associated with diabetes were not within their remit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of barriers to self-monitoring and medication-management among Indian patients with type 2 diabetes, their primary family-members and physicians

et al. 2021

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Objectives This study explored the subjective accounts of the main barriers to self-monitoring of blood-glucose (SMBG) and medication-management among Indian patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), their primary family-members (PFMs) and physicians. Methods Using convenience sampling, patients with T2DM, their PFMs, and physicians, residing in a South Indian capital city, were recruited for semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results Fifty patients (female = 14; mean age = 42.5 years) and their PFMs (female = 38; mean age = 39 years), and 25 physicians (female = 4; mean age = 49.8 years) were recruited. Three superordinate themes were identified: (i) complex medication-regimen: confusion, forgetting and reduced motivation, (ii) family recommendations of alternative therapies due to the social pressures of avoiding stigma, intrusiveness and being misrepresented for injecting insulin, and (iii) an expensive illness: choosing to spend money on only medication. Discussion Implications of the findings highlight the need to (i) train physicians in communication and empathy skills, (ii) empower patients to communicate their barriers to physicians through triadic communication models and question-prompt lists, (iii) educate communities on the benefits of insulin for managing T2DM to reduce stigma, and (iv) equip communities with information about health insurance to address the financial toll of T2DM management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiences of barriers to self-monitoring and medication-management among Indian patients with type 2 diabetes, their primary family-members and physicians

et al. 2021

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“…13.6 (in 2022), a 63% reduction in real terms. 105 (p. 1), 106 Similar focus on cost reduction and ease-of-use is required for other tests like HbA1c, and essential medication like insulin. 107 …”

Section: A Strategic Research Framework For Diabetes In Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Strategic Research Framework for Defeating Diabetes in India: A 21st-Century Agenda

et al. 2023

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Indian people are at high risk for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) even at younger ages and lower body weights. Already 74 million people in India have the disease, and the proportion of those with T2DM is increasing across all strata of society. Unique aspects, related to lower insulin secretion or function, and higher hepatic fat deposition, accompanied by the rise in overweight (related to lifestyle changes) may all be responsible for this unrelenting epidemic of T2DM. Yet, research to understand the causes, pathophysiology, phenotypes, prevention, treatment, and healthcare delivery of T2DM in India seriously lags behind. There are major opportunities for scientific discovery and technological innovation, which if tapped can generate solutions for T2DM relevant to the country’s context and make leading contributions to global science. We analyze the situation of T2DM in India, and present a four-pillar (etiology, precision medicine, implementation research, and health policy) strategic research framework to tackle the challenge. We offer key research questions for each pillar, and identify infrastructure needs. India offers a fertile environment for shifting the paradigm from imprecise late-stage diabetes treatment toward early-stage precision prevention and care. Investing in and leveraging academic and technological infrastructures, across the disciplines of science, engineering, and medicine, can accelerate progress toward a diabetes-free nation.

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“…Until a couple of decades ago, the cost of SMBG systems was extremely high in India and amounted to about 1 month’s salary of the average Indian. Around 2004, with the introduction of low-cost SMBG systems, there was a surge in the purchase of SMBG systems in India; however, the cost of the test strips still remains high [ 52 ]. A lack of reimbursement for SMBG systems and test strips has also been a major deterrent to frequent SMBG testing in India [ 50 , 51 ].…”

Section: Local Aspects/experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose as an Integral Part in the Management of People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2022

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For decades, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) has been considered a cornerstone of adequate diabetes management. Structured SMBG can follow different monitoring patterns, and it results in improved glycemic control, reduced hypoglycemia, and a better quality of life of people with diabetes. The technology, usability, and accuracy of SMBG systems have advanced markedly since their introduction a few decades ago. Current SMBG systems are small and easy to use, require small (capillary) blood sample volumes, and provide measurement results within seconds. In addition, devices are increasingly equipped with features such as connectivity to other devices and/or digital diaries and diabetes management tools. Although measurement quality can come close to or equal that of the glucose monitoring systems used by healthcare professionals, several available SMBG systems still do not meet internationally accepted accuracy standards, such as the International Organization for Standardization 15197 standard. Reports from China, India, and Brazil based on local experience suggest that in addition of the accuracy issues of SMBG systems, other obstacles also need to be overcome to optimize SMBG usage. Nonetheless, adequate usage of SMBG data is of high relevance for the management of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13300-022-01254-8.

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Costing of Ada-Recommended Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose: Early Results From a Northern Indian City Couplet

Abstract: A301treatment option(s), or filtration surgery. Treatment strategy change probabilities were identified by a clinician panel. Direct costs were included for drugs, procedures,

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Experiences of barriers to self-monitoring and medication-management among Indian patients with type 2 diabetes, their primary family-members and physicians

Experiences of barriers to self-monitoring and medication-management among Indian patients with type 2 diabetes, their primary family-members and physicians

A Strategic Research Framework for Defeating Diabetes in India: A 21st-Century Agenda

Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose as an Integral Part in the Management of People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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