Cotton Germination and Emergence under High Diurnal Temperatures

Raphael, Juan Piero Antonio; Gazola, Bruno; Nunes, Jesion G. S.; Macedo, Gabrielle C.; Rosolem, Ciro Antônio

doi:10.2135/cropsci2017.03.0182

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…All experimental materials were screened for germination ability at the minimum cardinal temperature of 15°C and at the critically low temperature of 12°C following a modified method by Raphael et al (2017). Briefly, 30 seeds of each of the GDRS accessions and FA mutants were surface-sterilized with 70% ethanol (v/v) for 1 min and with 20% bleach (v/v) for 10 min before rinsing them three times with sterile, distilled water.…”

Section: Cold Germination Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of novel sources of genetic variation for the improvement of cold germination ability in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

et al. 2019

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Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is inherently susceptible to low temperature stress especially during the early seedling growth and boll maturation stages. The goal of the study is to identify novel sources of genetic variation that can be used to improve cold tolerance of cotton during seed germination. Genetic diversity analysis of thirty accessions from the core Gossypium Diversity Reference Set (GDRS) and twenty recombinant inbred lines derived from intercrossing cotton mutants with altered fatty acid content profiles established genetic variation in the test germplasm based on simple sequence repeat (SSR) genotyping. The mutants clustered in a single clade, whereas the GDRS accessions were separated into four different clades. Screening for germination ability at 12°C and 15°C showed that the fatty acid mutants had a significantly better overall germination compared to the GDRS accessions. Hydropriming improved the germination rate and uniformity of the GDRS accessions at 12°C and 15°C but not those of the fatty acid mutants, which recorded a better overall germination at 15°C even without hydropriming. The tolerance of the FA mutants to cold stress during germination is proposed to be conferred by the higher proportion of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids in the mutants compared to the GDRS accessions. Principal component analysis established phenotypic patterns of variation that is consistent with the observed genotypic variation in the test germplasm. Results of the study indicate the potential of the mutants and select GDRS accessions as donors in breeding for cold germination ability.

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Section: Cold Germination Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of novel sources of genetic variation for the improvement of cold germination ability in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

et al. 2019

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“…Similarly, a study by Raphael et al. () indicated that larger seed mass improves performance at both sub‐ and supra‐optimal temperature conditions. Similar effects were observed in the present experiment, where a significant cultivar and planting date interaction was observed in both 2017 and 2018.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…On comparing the effect of three selected planting dates on early season growth and seedling development, May plantings in 2017 and June plantings in 2018 resulted in significantly higher values for the measured vigor indicators when compared to the other two planting dates in the respective seasons (Figure 1). Similarly, a study by Raphael et al (2017) indicated that larger seed mass improves performance at both sub-and supra-optimal temperature conditions. Similar effects were observed in the In the present study it was hypothesized that both FTLA and A n will be positively associated with seedling vigor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…For example, temperatures above the optimum day/night temperature regime of 30:22 • C resulted in a significant decline in leaf area for Upland cotton (Reddy, Hodges, McKinion, & Wall, 1992). Reddy, Hodges, and McKinion (1995) observed a similar trend in Pima cotton, with a decrease in leaf area above 31.3 • C. Similarly, Bibi, Oosterhuis, and Gonias (2010) observed a declining trend in leaf extension growth in Upland cotton above 35 • C. A study conducted by Raphael, Gazola, Nunes, Macedo, and Rosolem (2017) on six different cultivars under four different diurnal temperature conditions showed maximum seed germination rate and seedling emergence at 30 • C. A significant cultivar effect was observed at temperatures greater than 30 • C, with the larger seed-mass cultivar having higher germination and emergence compared to smaller seed-mass cultivars.…”

Section: Crop Sciencementioning

confidence: 90%

“…Similarly, Bibi, Oosterhuis, and Gonias () observed a declining trend in leaf extension growth in Upland cotton above 35°C. A study conducted by Raphael, Gazola, Nunes, Macedo, and Rosolem () on six different cultivars under four different diurnal temperature conditions showed maximum seed germination rate and seedling emergence at 30°C. A significant cultivar effect was observed at temperatures greater than 30°C, with the larger seed‐mass cultivar having higher germination and emergence compared to smaller seed‐mass cultivars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Associations between first true leaf physiology and seedling vigor in cotton under different field conditions

2020

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Rapid development of the first true leaf has been suggested as a key driver of seedling vigor in cotton, yet studies demonstrating an association between first true leaf physiological processes and early season cotton growth are limited. It was hypothesized that both first true leaf area (FTLA) and photosynthetic rates would be positively associated with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense) seedling vigor, and that photosynthetic component processes would differ in their contribution to net photosynthesis (An) of the first true leaf. To test these hypotheses, three different cotton cultivars were planted in the 2017 and 2018 seasons on three selected dates each year to generate broad differences in seedling vigor. Growth analysis was conducted to assess seedling vigor at 3 and 5 wk after planting, and a combination of dark‐ and light‐adapted gas exchange and fluorescence measurements were performed on the first true leaf, concurrent with growth assessments. Seedling vigor was much more strongly associated with FTLA than An on a per unit leaf area basis, suggesting that FTLA was a stronger indicator of seedling vigor. Correlation analysis between An and a number of component processes derived from combined gas exchange and fluorescence measurements indicated that An was strongly correlated with electron transport rates and stomatal conductance. However, we suggest that most of the variability we observed in An of the first true leaf was primarily driven by nonstomatal factors, since no significant correlations between An and chloroplast CO2 concentration or substomatal CO2 concentration was apparent.

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Cover crops and residual herbicides reduce selection pressure for Palmer amaranth resistance to dicamba‐applied postemergence in cotton

et al. 2021

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The most widely planted cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] varieties in the United States are resistant to the herbicide dicamba. Measures to reduce selection pressure for dicamba‐resistant weeds is paramount. Four studies evaluated strategies to reduce selection pressure for Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) resistance to dicamba applied postemergence (POST) in cotton. A split‐plot arrangement consisted of conventional tillage or cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop as the whole plot. The subplot included four herbicide systems: no herbicide, 3 POSTs, fomesafen plus diuron applied pre‐emergence (PRE) followed by (fb) 3 POSTs, and PRE fb 2 POSTs fb diuron plus monosodium methyl arsenate applied lay‐by post‐directed (LPD). The POST herbicide applications were glyphosate plus dicamba. The cover crop reduced Palmer amaranth density 75, 70, and 54% at the time of POST 1, POST 2, and POST 3 application, respectively. Pre‐emergence herbicides fb POST applications reduced Palmer amaranth densities 99, 99, and 96% at the aforementioned application timings, respectively. Cover crop plus PRE herbicides provided similar reductions. Cumulative for the season, Palmer amaranth exposure to dicamba was reduced 65% by the cover crop, 98% by both PRE herbicides and cover crop plus PRE herbicides compared to 3 POST applications. An LPD application reduced Palmer amaranth exposure to dicamba by 38,319 plants ha–1 compared to a third POST. Cotton stand was higher in conventional systems when soil temperatures were 30–37 °C during emergence; however, stand in the cover crop was greater when soil temperatures were 40–43 °C. Yields were reduced 14% in a total POST herbicide program, and were improved 14% in a cover crop. A cereal rye cover crop and residual PRE herbicides had the biggest impact on reducing selection pressure for Palmer amaranth resistance to dicamba while also improving yield.

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Cotton Germination and Emergence under High Diurnal Temperatures

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Identification of novel sources of genetic variation for the improvement of cold germination ability in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Identification of novel sources of genetic variation for the improvement of cold germination ability in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Associations between first true leaf physiology and seedling vigor in cotton under different field conditions

Cover crops and residual herbicides reduce selection pressure for Palmer amaranth resistance to dicamba‐applied postemergence in cotton

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