Counteraction of spaceflight-induced changes in the rat central serotonergic system by adrenalectomy and corticosteroid replacement

Blanc, Stéphane; Somody, Laurence; Gharib, Abdallah; Gauquelin, G.; Gharib, Claude; Sarda, Nicole

doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(98)00042-4

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These results suggest that DS can inhibit the abnormal changes in many neurotransmitters and therefore prevent SLSE-impaired learning and memory. Previous studies revealed that hippocampal NE levels, cortical 5-HT levels, and DA system activity were decreased in space or simulated microgravity (Blanc et al, 1998; Liu et al, 2010; Popova et al, 2015). We identified novel changes in neurotransmitters in simulated spaceflight that need to be further validated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dammarane Sapogenins Ameliorates Neurocognitive Functional Impairment Induced by Simulated Long-Duration Spaceflight

Dong

Liu

et al. 2017

Front. Pharmacol.

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Increasing evidence indicates the occurrence of cognitive impairment in astronauts under spaceflight compound conditions, but the underlying mechanisms and countermeasures need to be explored. In this study, we found that learning and memory abilities were significantly reduced in rats under a simulated long-duration spaceflight environment (SLSE), which includes microgravity, isolation confinement, noises, and altered circadian rhythms. Dammarane sapogenins (DS), alkaline hydrolyzed products of ginsenosides, can enhance cognition function by regulating brain neurotransmitter levels and inhibiting SLSE-induced neuronal injury. Bioinformatics combined with experimental verification identified that the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway was inhibited and the MAPK pathway was activated during SLSE-induced cognition dysfunction, whereas DS substantially ameliorated the changes in brain. These findings defined the characteristics of SLSE-induced cognitive decline and the mechanisms by which DS improves it. The results provide an effective candidate for improving cognitive function in spaceflight missions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dammarane Sapogenins Ameliorates Neurocognitive Functional Impairment Induced by Simulated Long-Duration Spaceflight

Dong

Liu

et al. 2017

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Compensatory dilatation caused by deep gray and white matter volume reduction and microanatomy changes could be another possibility, as suggested by decrease in thalamic volume observed in our study. It has been also hypothesized that increased metabolic activity of thalami as a consequence of increased psychological stress during space flight may have a role in the redistribution of water into the ventricles …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been also hypothesized that increased metabolic activity of thalami as a consequence of increased psychological stress during space flight may have a role in the redistribution of water into the ventricles. 24 It is worth noting that different possibilities, such as hemispheric dominance, anatomical variations of the intracranial venous conduits draining two hemispheres, as well as the side dominance of the cervical major veins, should be taken into account of the right-sided predominance of all the above findings.…”

Section: Ventricular Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Analysis of Quantitative Brain MRI in Astronauts Following Microgravity Exposure

Riascos

Kamali

Hakimelahi

et al. 2019

Journal of Neuroimaging

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Assessment of the effects of microgravity on astronauts’ brains using microstructural measures by utilizing quantitative MRI, before and after spaceflight would help understand the structural changes. METHODS Quantitative MRI data sets in 19 astronauts were acquired before and after space missions. Both diffusion tensor metrics and volumetric measures were analyzed in the brain regions involved in the visual function. RESULTS The fractional anisotropy was reduced in the right posterior thalamic radiations (P = .0009) and remained significant after a false discovery rate (FDR) correction (P = .03). A trend of increase in the mean diffusivities of different subregions of the occipital cortex on the right side, including calcarine, middle occipital, inferior occipital, and fusiform gyri, was noted and became insignificant after FDR correction. Similarly, there was a trend of cortical thinning involving the right occipital lobe and bilateral fusiform gyri, volume reduction of the left thalamus, and increase in lateral ventricular volume in the postflight scans. CONCLUSION Gray and white matter alterations are detected by quantitative MRI before and after space flight. Our findings may be used to understand the neuroanatomical mechanisms of possible brain dysfunction or neuroplasticity in microgravity condition in the future studies.

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“…This anhedonia appeared to be conjugated with sympatho-vagal imbalance in cardio-vascular tone modulation, and such a stress induced imbalance have been shown to be sensitive to classical anti-depressors, namely selective inhibitors of serotonin recapture, like Fluoxetine (Grippo et al, 2006). Consistent with these results, microgravity and simulated weightlessness have been shown to impact in serotonergic system in the brain, especially leading to anorexia and hippocampal modulation defects (Horrigan et al, 1997; Blanc et al, 1998; Varma et al, 2000; Da Silva et al, 2002). …”

Section: Gravity Mood and Affectmentioning

confidence: 72%

Learning on Jupiter, learning on the Moon: the dark side of the G-force. Effects of gravity changes on neurovascular unit and modulation of learning and memory

Porte¹,

Morel²

2012

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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On earth, gravity vector conditions the development of all living beings by physically imposing an axis along which to build their organism. Thus, during their whole life, they have to fight against this force not only to maintain their architectural organization but also to coordinate the communication between organs and keep their physiology in a balanced steady-state. In space, astronauts show physiological, psychological, and cognitive deregulations, ranging from bone decalcification or decrease of musculature, to depressive-like disorders, and spatial disorientation. Nonetheless, they are confronted to a great amount of physical changes in their environment such as solar radiations, loss of light-dark cycle, lack of spatial landmarks, confinement, and obviously a dramatic decrease of gravity force. It is thus very hard to selectively discriminate the strict role of gravity level alterations on physiological, and particularly cerebral, dysfunction. To this purpose, it is important to design autonomous models and apparatuses for behavioral phenotyping utilizable under modified gravity environments. Our team actually aims at working on this area of research.

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Counteraction of spaceflight-induced changes in the rat central serotonergic system by adrenalectomy and corticosteroid replacement

Cited by 22 publications

References 22 publications

Dammarane Sapogenins Ameliorates Neurocognitive Functional Impairment Induced by Simulated Long-Duration Spaceflight

Dammarane Sapogenins Ameliorates Neurocognitive Functional Impairment Induced by Simulated Long-Duration Spaceflight

Longitudinal Analysis of Quantitative Brain MRI in Astronauts Following Microgravity Exposure

Learning on Jupiter, learning on the Moon: the dark side of the G-force. Effects of gravity changes on neurovascular unit and modulation of learning and memory

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