Counterterrorism in Africa: an analysis of the civilian joint task force and military partnership in Nigeria

Omenma, J. Tochukwu; Hendricks, Cheryl

doi:10.1057/s41284-018-0131-8

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Perhaps, since its mobilization, credible shreds of evidence showed that mobilization of CJTF has drastically reduced the Boko Haram hostilities. In their comparative analysis of the pre-CJTF and post-CJTF mobilization attack frequencies, [5] revealed that the participation of the CJTF has significantly reduced the insurgent attacks by nearly half. The mean (M) and standard deviation (SD) of Boko Haram attack rates before the CJTF is stood at 11.83 and 4.926 respectively.…”

Section: Civilian Joint Task Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is populist believe that the successes of CJTF were triggered by a sense of shared purpose, operational urgency, mission focus, and cordial relationships as well as socio-cultural ties with the local population. [5] revealed that the active support of the civilian population increases the strategic and operational competence, intelligence gathering and on the target attacks thus minimized civilian casualties.…”

Section: Civilian Joint Task Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, one empirical comparative analysis of pre-CJTF and post-CJTF mobilization revealed that the participation of the CJTF militia has reduced the Boko Haram attack frequencies by nearly half. The mean attack rate before the CJTF is 11.83 and stood at 4.92 after the mobilization of the CJTF group [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Militia Counterinsurgency: Perspective on the Motivations of Civilian Joint Task Force Militia Participation in Northern Nigeria

Gana¹

2020

Vestn. Ross. univ. družby nar., Ser. Gos. munic. upr.

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Since the year 2013, Nigeria’s northeastern region epicenter of the Boko Haram Islamist insurgency waging war for the establishment of an Islamic State has witnessed mass participation of people in a civil militia group. The militia group colloquially describing itself Civilian Joint Task Force (CJTF) was formed to combat the Boko Haram rebellion. Perhaps, the participation of the CJTF in the combating activities was reportedly influential in reducing the Boko Haram hostilities in most communities. Prior to the CJTF, the counterinsurgency approaches of the Nigerian governments’ Special Joint Task Force and the Multinational Joint Task Force of the Member States of Lake Chad Basin Commission was faced with lackadaisical performances. Whereas the CJTF was reportedly successful, however, the interrupted participation of the people despite the attendant human and material cost has risen suspicion among the population and the critical literature about the groups’ true motivation. This article, therefore, investigated the motivations of the CJTF in northeastern Nigeria. The study was conducted through a qualitative approach designed in a case study. The data was collected from thirteen informants from three groups - CJTF, Community Leaders and State/Local Government authorities. The technique of data collection is in-depth interviews and non-participant observation. The finding revealed personal incentive factors of monetary/material gains, and the futuristic interest of employability drives peoples’ participation. To address the economic interests of the CJTF and as a panacea to prevent the manifestation of the security threats associated with the CJTF group, the study recommends for the establishment of charity centers to receive contributions from well to do citizens to ameliorate the economic needs of the participants. The government should also propound strong legal mechanisms to regulate the activities of the CJTF militia.

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Section: Civilian Joint Task Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Civilian Joint Task Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Militia Counterinsurgency: Perspective on the Motivations of Civilian Joint Task Force Militia Participation in Northern Nigeria

Gana¹

2020

Vestn. Ross. univ. družby nar., Ser. Gos. munic. upr.

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“…Bamidele (2015) estimates the number of militias at 15,000 spread across the six states of Nigeria northeast. Regarding their operational successes, Omenma and Hendricks (2018) revealed that the involvement of the militia reduced the mean attack rate of the insurgent by nearly half from 11.83 to 4.92 after the involvement. The militias are pointed out instrumental for the conquering many towns and villages occupied by the insurgent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joining Militia; Understanding the Drivers of Militia Participation in Counterinsurgency Operation in Yobe State, Nigeria

Gana

2020

EJBS

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The Nigeria government has been fighting a protracted insurgency by Boko Haram since 2009. Despite the concerted multifaceted counterinsurgency approach, the insurgent sustained its violence with impunity. However, the participation of militia to support the government significantly suppressed the insurgent hostilities, reduced both attack frequencies and fatalities. Even though the militias succeed in the operation, but what motivates them to engage in the militia is not address. This article, therefore, drawing data from interviews and field observations, this study investigated the drivers of the militias in Yobe State. The case study is at Geidam involving 15 participants from three groups that include the militia participants, government officials, and community leaders. The find revealed poverty and unemployment are the key drivers of militias' participation in the operation. However, the study recommends that Nigeria and Yobe State governments should regulate the militia activities to avoid excessiveness. Nigeria's government should re-strategize its counterinsurgency campaign toward the people-centered operation. Others are the recruitment of more state counterinsurgent forces by the government.

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“…In most Islamic countries, where the doctrines of Wahhabism, Salafism, the non-violent Izala movement, and other fundamentalist sects are dominant, the central assumption is that everything necessary to ordering society is contained in the sacred texts of religion. The common Salafi rhetoric is: the Qur'ran is my constitution (Hoffman 1995; Ranstorp 1996; Rapoport 2004; Benard 2005; McGovern 2010; Asfura-Heim and MacQuaid 2015; Thurston 2016; Omenma and Hendricks 2018). Boko Haram shares some characteristics of religious terrorism: it is inclined to Salafist ideology, religious exclusivism that opposes all other value systems, rival interpretations of Islam, pledge of allegiance to the Islamic State, and aims to Islamize Nigeria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untold Story of Boko Haram Insurgency: The Lake Chad Oil and Gas Connection

Omenma

2019

Politics and Religion

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This article makes a case for the nexus between water resources and terrorism. Using Boko Haram activities in the Lake Chad region, I question the conventional arguments linking religion to the root cause of terrorism. I argue that there is an economic dimension of Boko Haram terrorism, which is based on two interrelated indicators: the attack on the Nigerian oil exploration team in the Lake Chad basin, and the continuous exploitation of oil and gas by Chad, Niger, and Cameroon in the region. Building on economic incentives and natural resources theoretical debates along with a historical enquiry into Boko Haram, the article concludes that economic interests, rather than religion, are partly the impetus to the activities of Boko Haram. The findings have significant implications for both the security of the Lake Chad region and counterterrorism at large.

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Counterterrorism in Africa: an analysis of the civilian joint task force and military partnership in Nigeria

Cited by 26 publications

References 21 publications

Militia Counterinsurgency: Perspective on the Motivations of Civilian Joint Task Force Militia Participation in Northern Nigeria

Militia Counterinsurgency: Perspective on the Motivations of Civilian Joint Task Force Militia Participation in Northern Nigeria

Joining Militia; Understanding the Drivers of Militia Participation in Counterinsurgency Operation in Yobe State, Nigeria

Untold Story of Boko Haram Insurgency: The Lake Chad Oil and Gas Connection

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