“…Even if students are given the same opportunities inside the schools, not all students will manage to develop their talents since different hidden mechanisms in the society, as well as differences in their home learning environment, are likely to affect their progress (Lim, 2013). Based on these critiques of the meritocratic view, the egalitarian vision has evolved as the mainstream view of equity, which implies that the main responsibility to achieve equity should be placed on society Van Damme & Bellens, 2017). In the case of education, national/state agencies and schools/teachers are expected to provide further support to those socially disadvantaged groups of students (based on their background characteristics such as SES, gender, and ethnicity) in order to ensure that differences in their learning outcomes are substantially reduced (Kelly, 2012;OECD, 2012).…”