Coupled effects of local movement and global interaction on contagion

Abstract

By incorporating segregated spatial domain and individual-based linkage into the SIS (susceptible-infected-susceptible) model, we propose a generalized epidemic model which can change from the territorial epidemic model to the networked epidemic model. The role of the individual-based linkage between different spatial domains is investigated. As we adjust the timescale parameter τ from 0 to unity, which represents the degree of activation of the individual-based linkage, three regions are found. Within the region of 0 < τ < 0.02, the epidemic is determined by local movement and is sensitive to the timescale τ . Within the region of 0.02 < τ < 0.5, the epidemic is insensitive to the timescale τ . Within the region of 0.5 < τ < 1, the outbreak of the epidemic is determined by the structure of the individualbased linkage. As we keep an eye on the first region, the role of activating the individual-based linkage in the present model is similar to the role of the shortcuts in the two-dimensional small world network. Only activating a small number of the individual-based linkage can prompt the outbreak of the epidemic globally. The role of narrowing segregated spatial domain and reducing mobility in epidemic control is checked. These two measures are found to be conducive to curbing the spread of infectious disease only when the global interaction is suppressed. A log-log relation between the change in the number of infected individuals and the timescale τ is found.By calculating the epidemic threshold and the mean first encounter time, we heuristically analyze the microscopic characteristics of the propagation of the epidemic in the present model.

Coupled effects of epidemic information and risk awareness on contagion

“…Compared with the spread of the plagues in early human history [6,7], the spread of COVID-19 has a greater average daily dispersion. Such a difference results from the development of modern transit system, which makes the people around the world highly connected [8,9,10,11]. Therefore, from the view point of the prevention and control of an infectious disease, today's mobile society has brought us more challenges than ever before.…”

A generalized voter model with time-decaying memory on a multilayer network

“…In the physical world, the occurrence of phase transitions between a disordered system and an ordered system has long been an important issue which has been extensively studied by scientists [1,2,3,4,5,6]. For example, in the magnetic field, the spin-up and spin-down dynamics have been investigated by statistical physicists [7,8,9,10,11,12]. The spatial-temporal conditions for the magnetic order-disorder transition have been found.…”