Coupled wave analysis of DFB and DBR lasers

Streifer, W.; Scifres, D. R.; Burnham, R. D.

doi:10.1109/jqe.1977.1069328

Cited by 214 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…For a given device with a corrugation only on one side of the active material, like our DFB laser fabricated through nanograting transfer, the decrease in threshold fluence with increased pump spot size can be explained via coupled-wave theory [23][24][25][26]. For a tooth-shaped onedimensional grating one obtains the coupled-wave equations…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pump spot size dependent lasing threshold in organic semiconductor DFB lasers fabricated via nanograting transfer

Liu¹,

Klinkhammer²,

Wang³

et al. 2013

Opt. Express

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Optically excited organic semiconductor distributed feedback (DFB) lasers enable efficient lasing in the visible spectrum. Here, we report on the rapid and parallel fabrication of DFB lasers via transferring a nanograting structure from a flexible mold onto an unstructured film of the organic gain material. This geometrically well-defined structure allows for a systematic investigation of the laser threshold behavior. The laser thresholds for these devices show a strong dependence on the pump spot diameter. This experimental finding is in good qualitative agreement with calculations based on coupled-wave theory. With further investigations on various DFB laser geometries prepared by different routes and based on different organic gain materials, we found that these findings are quite general. This is important for the comparison of threshold values of various devices characterized under different excitation areas. Weimann, J. Wang, and P. Hinze, "Laser threshold reduction in an all-spiro guest-host system," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85(10), 1659-1661 (2004). 14. X. Liu, S. Klinkhammer, K. Sudau, N. Mechau, C. Vannahme, J. Kaschke, T. Mappes, M. Wegener, and U.Lemmer, "Ink-jet-printed organic semiconductor distributed feedback laser," Appl. Phys. Express 5(7), 072101

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pump spot size dependent lasing threshold in organic semiconductor DFB lasers fabricated via nanograting transfer

Liu¹,

Klinkhammer²,

Wang³

et al. 2013

Opt. Express

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show abstract

“…For given Bragg order and reference (Bragg) wavelength nm, the total length of the period of the grating is given by (1) For given duty cycle , the effective index of the reference waveguide is obtained by averaging the dielectric function along (2) It varies between the effective indexes of the constituent slab waveguides for and for . Hence, the grating period is correspondingly changed between nm and nm.…”

Section: Benchmark Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complex valued total coupling coefficient is composed of terms due to the direct and indirect interactions of the two oppositely going waves with the grating [2], [5]. The indirect interaction gives also rise to a modification of both the real and imaginary parts of the relative propagation coefficient via the self-radiation coupling coefficient given in the Appendix (5) Due to the fact that there is no gain and loss in the waveguide sections, the corresponding modal gain-loss function is omitted in (5).…”

Section: A Coupled-mode Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many models are based on the coupled-mode theory (CMT), which was firstly applied to DFB lasers in [1] and which was later improved in [2]. Within the CMT the mode field is expressed as an infinite summation of partial waves dictated by the Bloch-Floquet theorem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results are coupled-mode equations for the amplitudes of the oppositely propagating waves directly interacting with the Bragg grating and an infinite set of equations for partial waves describing the radiation and evanescent fields. As outlined in [2], these fields lead to a modification of the coefficients entering the coupled-wave equations of [1]. Other models do not rely on the Bloch-Floquet theorem, but are based on a direct solution of Maxwell's equations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Comparative Study of Higher Order Bragg Gratings: Coupled-Mode Theory Versus Mode Expansion Modeling

Wenzel

Güther

Shams-Zadeh-Amiri³

et al. 2006

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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Abstract-The modal reflectivity and loss of lamellar diffraction gratings to be used in distributed-feedback and distributed-Bragg reflector lasers were computed in dependence of wavelength, duty cycle and Bragg order. Different methods based on the approximate coupled-mode theory and and the exact bidirectional mode expansion modeling were compared and a good mutual agreement was found. The slab Green's function needed to compute the coupling coefficients can be approximated by that of a homogeneous unbounded medium with sufficient accuracy.

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Effect of metal contact's reflection on the effective coupling coefficient of second‐order DFB laser diodes

Zhong

Zhu

Song

et al. 2004

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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For a second‐order DFB‐LD, the presence of a metal contact layer can reduce 1st‐order radiation. Part of the reflected power is redistributed into guided modes and results in a variation of the effective coupling coefficient κeff. In this paper, we study the effect of the Au top contact's reflection on the κeff of 2nd‐order DFB lasers. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 42: 339–342, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20296

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Coupled wave analysis of DFB and DBR lasers

Cited by 214 publications

References 14 publications

Pump spot size dependent lasing threshold in organic semiconductor DFB lasers fabricated via nanograting transfer

Pump spot size dependent lasing threshold in organic semiconductor DFB lasers fabricated via nanograting transfer

A Comparative Study of Higher Order Bragg Gratings: Coupled-Mode Theory Versus Mode Expansion Modeling

Effect of metal contact's reflection on the effective coupling coefficient of second‐order DFB laser diodes

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