Coupling Coordination and Dynamic Response Analysis of New-Type Urbanization, Urban Infrastructure and Urban Environment—A Case Study of the Jiaodong Economic Circle

Abstract

The process of urban development in China is that cities retain independent administrative divisions, realize inter-regional urban integration, and then establish metropolitan areas; this process has high requirements for the coordinated development of cities. China’s cities still need to receive approximately 300 million people in the future, and these urban populations are mainly planned in the emerging metropolitan area. In order to clarify the problems and development of the direction of China’s emerging megalopolis in the process of building a framework for carrying urban population, and to provide reference for China’s urbanization process, the entropy weight method–coupling coordination degree model–panel vector autoregression model (EWM-CCDM-PVAR) is constructed to measure the development level, coupling coordination degree and dynamic response relationship of NTU-UI-UE in the Jiaodong Economic Circle. First, the development level of new-type urbanization and urban infrastructure in the Jiaodong Economic Circle has been steadily improved, but regional differences have been expanding year by year. The urban environment of most cities in the Jiaodong Economic Circle is deteriorating. Second, the CCD level of NTU-UI-UE in the Jiaodong Economic Circle is on the rise, but the CCD level of NTU-UI-UE in Weifang and Yantai is only a Moderate-coupling coordination type, and the development within the region is uneven. Third, both NTU-UI and UI-UE in the Jiaodong Economic Circle have established a dynamic response relationship of mutual promotion, but NTU-UE has a dynamic response relationship of mutual inhibition. Fourth, despite different problems, the Jiaodong Economic Circle has made certain achievements in the process of regional integration and has initially formed a metropolitan circle pattern with Qingdao as its core, Weifang as its west center, Yantai and Weihai as its north center and Rizhao as its south center.

Analysis of the coupled and coordinated development of sports and tourism industries and the driving factors

“…It is possible to see how the mutual influence and promotion of the sports and tourist industries have developed over the past few years using the coupled coordination degree model 46 . However, the level of coordination effectively reflects the interdependence of sports tourism [47][48][49] . The procedures for determining the degree of coupling coordination are as follows:…”

Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Coupling Coordination Relationship of “Population–Environment” Development in the Xi’an Metropolitan Area

“…To determine the weight of each indicator in the "population-environment" development index, this study uses the entropy weight method, which incorporates useful information in the data to reflect the weightage of attributes; in case of differences in the factors represented by a certain index, more useful information can be provided. Index weights by the entropy method have been widely used in related studies in various dis-ciplines [35,36]. The relevant studies [37,38] used the entropy weight method to assign indicator weights in the coupling analysis of metropolitan area environment coordination.…”

Spatiotemporal Patterns and Coupling Coordination Analysis of Multiscale Social–Economic–Ecological Effects in Ecologically Vulnerable Areas Based on Multi-Source Data: A Case Study of the Tuha Region, Xinjiang Province

“…Moreover, the relationship between ecological environmental protection and socioeconomic development has been explored via input-output models and GEE (Google Earth Engine) models, and the study area has been dominated by small-scale units such as industrial zones, villages, and cities [37,38]. Ecological, economic, resource-based, and societal perspectives [39,40] have been adopted by domestic scholars to construct theories and modeling methods that utilize quantitative evaluation [41]; these include comprehensive indicator evaluation methods [42], ecological footprint methods [43], energy value analysis methods [44], and material flow analysis methods [45]. In terms of research methodology, the coupled coordination degree model in physics is the most dominant and widely recognized research method [46].…”