Coupling Fuzzy logic and Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) with GIS for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping (LSM) in Ziz upper watershed, SE Morocco

Abstract

Landslides have become a destructive geo-hazard in many countries, which seriously cause damage to the human lives, infrastructure and properties. They result from the movement of soil on unstable slopes in mountainous areas. This caught attention to study the increasing incidences of landslides in many areas including Morocco. In this study, the fuzzy logic and analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) integrated with the geographic information system (GIS) are used to determinate the landslide susceptibility modeling in the Ziz upper watershed, southeast Morocco. The geo-environmental data that were used in the landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) included: elevation, lithology, slope, land use/land cover (LULC), river, road, fault, and rainfall maps. FAHP model showed that 16.7% of the study area had high landslide susceptibility. However, the riskiest areas are situated in the upstream western parts. The resultant map of landslides hazards was validated using an inventory of 148 landslides events in the study area. The FAHP model showed a significant performance, the area under curve (AUC) value for this case study is 0.885.

Identifying Landslides Prone-Areas Using GIS-based Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process Model in Ziz Upper Watershed (Morocco)

“…Whereas, the regions with values closer to 0 are considered less susceptible. -i, it is shown that all parameters are closer to the value 1 in the upstream western parts of the study area (Manaouch et al, 2021).…”

“…After assigning weights to the parameters according to the AHP method, the parameter maps are converted to fuzzy maps and using the Raster spatial analysis tool in ArcGIS 10.5 a landslide susceptibility map is produced. According to the resulting map (Figure 4), it is found that the vulnerability is very high in the upper western and northern parts of the study area (Manaouch et al, 2021). These areas are dominated by mountain pastures.…”

“…The Ziz basin's average elevation is 1812 m (above sea level), and the values range between 1023 m at the catchment outlet and 3687 m in the northwestern parts (Manaouch et al, 2021) (Figure 2a). For slope, its values are between 0.004 and 66.08 degrees and values from 0 to 15 degrees represent 82%.…”

“…In mountainous areas, landslides occur on slopes under the influence of either direct gravity or external factors such as earthquakes and rain (Manaouch et al, 2021). They manifest as mass movements of rocks, soil and debris.…”

An Application of Geospatial Based MCDM Technique to Identify Landslide Susceptibility Zones in the Ragnu Khola River Basin of Darjeeling Himalayan Region, India

“…Researchers have used quantitative approaches in contemporary periods, viz. artificial neural networks (Lucchese et al 2021;Jacinth Jennifer and Saravanan 2021), logistic regression analysis (Gu et al 2021;Crawford et al 2021;Sujatha and Sridhar 2021), fuzzy logic (Bahrami et al 2021;Manaouch et al 2021;Nanehkaran et al 2021), multivariate regression analysis (Arabameri et al 2019;Chu et al 2019;Pham et al 2021), bivariate regression analysis (Zhou et al 2021) to delineate LSZ. Machine learning approaches are now widely used to predict natural disasters such as floods, wildfires, earthquakes, and doughtiness, among others (Hong et al 2018;Ahmadlou et al 2019).…”