Court Upholds Restrictions on Neonicotinoids – A Precautionary Approach to Evidence

Bozzini, Emanuela; Stokes, Elen

doi:10.1017/err.2018.48

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…It might also be interesting to reflect upon this in relation to pesticides and pesticide approval, where similar knowledge conflicts in the face of regime destabilisation take place (Frank and Schanz 2022). Especially the ongoing battle over neonicotinoids is interesting in this aspect, where knowledge conflicts play a central role in whether these pesticides can be approved for use in the EU (Bozzini and Stokes 2018).…”

Section: Limitations and Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing legitimacy for technologies developed in response to environmental regulation: the case of ammonia emission-reducing technology for the Flemish intensive livestock industry

et al. 2022

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This study is focused on unsustainable agri-food systems, especially intensive livestock farming and its resulting environmental harms. Specifically we focus on the development of technologies that seek to mitigate these environmental harms. These technologies are generally developed as incremental innovations in response to government regulation. Critics of these technological solutions allege that these developments legitimate unsustainable food production systems and are incapable of supporting agri-food systems transformation. At the same time, technology developers and other actors seek to present these technologies as the legitimate solution to agri-environmental harms. Our study seeks to explore the perceptions and constructions of legitimacy for technologies that are developed to reduce ammonia emissions in intensive livestock farming in Flanders (Belgium). We use a qualitative case study, employing semi-structured interviews and workshops, with technology developers of ammonia-emission reducing technologies and stakeholders in the intensive livestock farming industry in Flanders. What our study shows is that technologies developed to reduce emissions are dependent on regulative legitimacy. The normative and cognitive legitimacy of these technologies is lacking, both due to ties to the intensive livestock industry and due to uncertainty over the performance of these technologies. With the delegitimation of intensive livestock farming, the legitimacy of these technologies is also under threat. In response, technology developers are looking to (re-)construct this legitimacy through knowledge claims over the performance of their technologies. We show several ways for other actors to deal with this, centred on either re-legitimising technologies to maintain the status quo, or to contest these knowledge claims and use them to disrupt path dependencies.

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Section: Limitations and Further Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing legitimacy for technologies developed in response to environmental regulation: the case of ammonia emission-reducing technology for the Flemish intensive livestock industry

et al. 2022

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“…10 The European Commission restricted the use of imidacloprid (IMI), thiamethoxam, and clothianidin (CLO) as seed treatments in bee-attractive crops in 2013 and then completely banned their use outdoors in 2018. 11 Besides, several other countries have also implemented broader restrictions on the use of neonicotinoids. 12 According to the test guidelines promulgated by Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the threshold values published from the Pesticide Properties Data Base [A to Z Index (herts.ac.uk)], IMI was identified as highly toxic to bees, while thiacloprid (THI) and flupyradifurone (FPF) were classified as the low-toxic ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the safety of neonicotinoids has been questioned in many countries and international organizations . The European Commission restricted the use of imidacloprid (IMI), thiamethoxam, and clothianidin (CLO) as seed treatments in bee-attractive crops in 2013 and then completely banned their use outdoors in 2018 . Besides, several other countries have also implemented broader restrictions on the use of neonicotinoids …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design of Triazinone Derivatives with Low Bee Toxicity Based on the Binding Mechanism of Neonicotinoids to Apis mellifera

Lu,

Jiang,

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Bees, one of the most vital pollinators in the ecosystem and agriculture, are currently threatened by neonicotinoids. To explore the molecular mechanisms of neonicotinoid toxicity to bees, the different binding modes of imidacloprid, thiacloprid, and flupyradifurone with nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) α1β1 and cytochrome P450 9Q3 (CYP9Q3) were studied using homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulations. These mechanisms provided a basis for the design of compounds with a potential low bee toxicity. Consequently, we designed and synthesized a series of triazinone derivatives and assessed their bioassays. Among them, compound 5a not only displayed substantially insecticidal activities against Aphis glycines (LC50 = 4.40 mg/L) and Myzus persicae (LC50 = 6.44 mg/L) but also had low toxicity to Apis mellifera. Two-electrode voltage clamp recordings further confirmed that compound 5a interacted with the M. persicae nAChR α1 subunit but not with the A. mellifera nAChR α1 subunit. This work provides a paradigm for applying molecular toxic mechanisms to the design of compounds with low bee toxicity, thereby aiding the future rational design of eco-friendly nicotinic insecticides.

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Pollinator conservation requires a stronger and broader application of the precautionary principle

Drivdal

Sluijs

2021

Current Opinion in Insect Science

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Court Upholds Restrictions on Neonicotinoids – A Precautionary Approach to Evidence

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Constructing legitimacy for technologies developed in response to environmental regulation: the case of ammonia emission-reducing technology for the Flemish intensive livestock industry

Constructing legitimacy for technologies developed in response to environmental regulation: the case of ammonia emission-reducing technology for the Flemish intensive livestock industry

Rational Design of Triazinone Derivatives with Low Bee Toxicity Based on the Binding Mechanism of Neonicotinoids to Apis mellifera

Pollinator conservation requires a stronger and broader application of the precautionary principle

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