Courtyard integrated ecological system: An ecological engineering practice in China and its economic-environmental benefit

Han, Baolong; Ouyang, Zhiyun; Liu, Hongxiao; Cui, Zhifu; Lu, Zhongming; Crittenden, John C.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.06.061

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Jang and Ham [6] conducted a study of courtyard-type apartments in South Korea, reviewing the layout, access, and number of the courtyard story. Han et al studied the courtyard-integrated ecological system in China and its important economic-environmental benefits [7]. Sun [8] investigated the traditional courtyard space and studied the impacts of natural elements, such as light, water, and soil, on the traditional dwellings in the southern Anhui Province and Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Fujian provinces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance-Based Evaluation of Courtyard Design in China’s Cold-Winter Hot-Summer Climate Regions

Luo

Wang

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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A courtyard is a traditional and popular construction feature found in China’s urban buildings. This case study evaluates the performance of the traditional courtyard design of the Jiangnan Museum, located in Jiangsu Province. In the evaluation, the spatial layout of courtyards is adjusted, the aspect ratio is changed, and an ecological buffer space is created. To model and evaluate the performance of the courtyard design, this study applied the Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, Parabolic Hyperbolic Or Elliptic Numerical Integration Code Series (PHOENICS), for wind environment simulation, and the EnergyPlus-based software, DesignBuilder, for energy simulation. Results show that a good combination of courtyard layout and aspect ratio can improve the use of natural ventilation by increasing free cooling during hot summers and reducing cold wind in winters. The results also show that ecological buffer areas of a courtyard can reduce cooling loads in summer by approximately 19.6% and heating loads in winter by approximately 22.3%. The study provides insights into the optimal design of a courtyard to maximize its benefit in regulating the microclimate during both winter and summer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance-Based Evaluation of Courtyard Design in China’s Cold-Winter Hot-Summer Climate Regions

Luo

Wang

et al. 2018

Sustainability

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“…Mechanisms of anthropogenic impacts on habitat quality are incredibly complex, involving various dynamic processes [29,31,78]. Many studies have reported various ecological projects, such as the "Three-North Shelter Forest Program", "The Grain for Green Program", and "The Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Control Project", which actively contribute to the environmental ecosystem in northern China [79][80][81]. Obviously, human activities can regulate the development of ecosystems in a benign direction under a strict ecological protection policy.…”

Section: The Driving Paths Of Habitat Quality Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Spatiotemporal Patterns and Integrated Driving Forces of Habitat Quality in the Northern Sand-Prevention Belt of China

Zhang,

Zheng,

Zou

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Understanding habitat quality patterns and their drivers in arid zones is of fundamental importance to the sustainability maintenance of terrestrial ecosystems, but remains elusive. Here, we applied the InVEST model to investigate the spatiotemporal patterns of habitat quality in the northern sand-prevention belt (NSPB) across five time periods (2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2018), coupled with the structural equation model (SEM) and boosted regression tree (BRT) model to identify their integrated driving forces. The results exhibited that habitat quality in high-level zones expanded gradually from 2000 to 2018, while the middle- and low-level zones shrank. Climate, soil, topography, and human activities were significantly correlated with habitat quality, with mean annual temperature (MAT) and human activities being key contributing factors in the high-level and low-level zones, respectively, whereas the contribution of factors varied considerably in the middle-level zones. The interactions among climate, soil, topography, and human activities jointly drive habitat quality changes. Climate intensified the positive effects of soil on habitat quality, while the topographic and human activities mainly affected habitat quality indirectly through climate and soil. Our findings offer a scientific guidance for the restoration and sustainable management of desertification ecosystems in northern China.

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“…Jang and Ham led a study of courtyard type apartment blocks in South Korea, inspecting the layout, access, and a number of the courtyard story (Jang et al,2017). considered the courtyard incorporated biological framework in China and its significant financial, ecological advantages (Han et al, 2016).Suneexplored the traditional courtyard space and considered the effects of standard components, for example, light, water, and soil, on the conventional dwellings for courtyard houses (sun et al, 1981). The geographical position of Beijing located in the northeast of China has the diversity in the climate with four seasons of continental monsoon, widespread winds during summer coming from southeast and northwest in the winter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quadrangle Courtyard Green Simulation Approach to Renovation of Residential Buildings in China

Liu¹

2021

Preprint

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Development of technology and the rapid increase in population has led to tremendous growth in the population of China. Beijing the capital city has become significantly overcrowded due to a high number of residents.The traditional courtyard houses have been drastically transformed and lost their cultural values over time. The quadrangle courtyard reflects the work and art of conventional Chinese residences. An average Beijing quadrangle courtyard building reflects both utility and aesthetics in its design and development. Quadrangle courtyard is designed to have a family-centered pattern with neighbors of the trunk and the community area for social networking and finally denotes cultural profundity. The poor architectural designs and ineffective construction practices have caused many problems in the city regarding sustainability and environmental protection, which has, in turn, increased the concerns of people towards building the traditional houses to ensure better living standards and greater sustainability. This study aims to conduct an evaluation of applications of green construction practices of the traditional courtyard houses on the renovation and reconstruction of contemporary residential buildings in Beijing. The study utilizes quantitative approaches for collection and subsequent evaluation of data regarding the subject matter of the research. With respect to the literature review, thesis has performed a review of different literature including journal articles, books, newspapers, and other publications, while for collection of primary data has used with computer-assisted architectural simulation models, which is then analyzed through data triangulation technique. Further, a base model and reference models are generated for computer simulation usingPhoniecs and Green Simulation Studio software's, for the analysis and to analyse the influence of internal courtyard and courtyard for wind flow. The model that exhibits the best width to length ratio and natural room environment is chosen for evaluation.The study was conducted in the residential areas of Dashilar Hutong, Jingyang, Deyang,Dongcheng District, Yue Hutong, Changchun Street Hutong Area, and Yongning District. The study is limited to the given areas only, and no evaluation is performed on other areas of the city and buildings that are not recently renovated or reconstructed. The study also provides recommendations to the architect firms and regulatory authorities regarding applications of green construction practices of the traditional courtyard houses on the renovation and reconstruction of contemporary residential buildings in Beijing. In the assessment, the spatial design of courtyards is balanced; the aspect ratio is planned to crate natural buffer space is created. Further, to examine the performance of the courtyard design the study applied the Computational Fluid Dynamics (C.F.D.) programming, Parabolic Hyperbolic, or Elliptic Numerical Integration Code Series (PHOENICS), for wind condition simulation. Later with the help of the Green build studio of Autodesk, the study had undergone Green Simulation. The Quadrangle courtyard building performance is analyzed by Green BuildingStudio to generate outputs like heating and cooling loads, and monthly electricity and fuel consumption, and their life cycle cost. Results show for a courtyard with a decent combination of courtyard layout and aspect ratiois chosen. Finally, the study suggests the best suited planning strategy for the new proposals and design implications for a new courtyard from the angle of green building construction.

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Courtyard integrated ecological system: An ecological engineering practice in China and its economic-environmental benefit

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Performance-Based Evaluation of Courtyard Design in China’s Cold-Winter Hot-Summer Climate Regions

Performance-Based Evaluation of Courtyard Design in China’s Cold-Winter Hot-Summer Climate Regions

Evaluating Spatiotemporal Patterns and Integrated Driving Forces of Habitat Quality in the Northern Sand-Prevention Belt of China

Quadrangle Courtyard Green Simulation Approach to Renovation of Residential Buildings in China

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