Covalent Organic Frameworks as Favorable Constructs for Photodynamic Therapy

Zhang, Liang; Wang, Shibo; Zhou, Yi; Wang, Chao; Zhang, Xian‐Zheng; Deng, Hexiang

doi:10.1002/ange.201909020

Cited by 40 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…[41][42][43][44] Accordingly, COFs are promising candidate materials for various applications, including the removal of pollutants from wastewater, (photo)catalysis, energy storage, gas separation and uptake, sensing, solar cells, the detection and removal of toxic metal ions, and photodynamic therapy. [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] Various COFs displaying fluorescence characteristics have been constructed previously and applied as chemosensors for pH, electron-rich arenes, mercury ions, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, and anions. [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] For biosensing applications, COF materials can have several attractive features, including high conductivity, high loading capacity, and biocompatibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A water-soluble copper-immobilized covalent organic framework functioning as an “OFF–ON” fluorescent sensor for amino acids

et al. 2021

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A water-soluble copper-immobilized covalent organic framework functioning as an “OFF–ON” fluorescent sensor for amino acids

et al. 2021

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“…Manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) can react with H 2 O 2 to produce oxygen under the slightly acidic conditions of the tumor [15][16][17][18][19], and the released Mn 2+ could be used as a contrast agent for T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [20][21][22]. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a kind of porous crystalline materials connected by covalent bonds [23]. Due to the advantages like adjustable pore size, excellent thermal stability and large porosity, COFs have been applied in many research fields like catalysis, gas storage and separation, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A covalent organic framework-based multifunctional therapeutic platform for enhanced photodynamic therapy via catalytic cascade reactions

Cai

Liu

et al. 2020

Sci. China Mater.

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Utilizing the unique tumor microenvironment (TME) to conduct chemical reactions for cancer treatment becomes a hot topic recently. Nevertheless, single chemical reaction in TME is often restricted by scanty reaction substrates and slow reaction rate. Meanwhile, the toxic substances produced by the reactions are usually not enough to kill cancer cells. Herein, using covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as the template, Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) were subsequently grown on the surface of the COF, then a thin layer of manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) was coated over the material, and finally hyaluronic acid (HA) was introduced to improve the biocompatibility. The resultant product, named COF-Au-MnO 2 , was involved in several processes to form cascade reactions in the TME. Specifically, under hypoxic conditions, COF-Au-MnO 2 could react with intratumoral H 2 O 2 to produce O 2 to enhance the type II photodynamic therapy (PDT), and Au NPs could decompose glucose to promote starving-like therapy. Besides, starving-like therapy can also produce H 2 O 2 to increase O 2 production. Simultaneously, MnO 2 can consume glutathione (GSH) to enhance the antitumor efficacy, and the released Mn 2+ could be used for T 1 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Both in vitro and in vivo experiments had proven excellent cancer cell killing effect and antitumor efficacy of COF-Au-MnO 2 via such a cycle-like process.

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“…[106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113] By contrast, pure organic carriers have better biocompatibility, metabolism properties, and superior photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE). [114][115][116] Moreover, the conjugation of the initiators with organic molecules to form new molecules can largely avoid drug leakage during circulation. More complicated hybrid nanosystems have also been used for controllable initiators release and incorporation of multimodal phototheranostic capability.…”

Section: Initiators Loaded Systems For Alkyl Radical-based Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress of Alkyl Radicals Generation‐Based Agents for Biomedical Applications

Lee

Wan

et al. 2021

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is extensively explored for anticancer and antibacterial applications. It typically relies on oxygen-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to realize its killing effect. This type of therapy modality shows compromised therapeutic results for treating hypoxic tumors or bacteria-infected wounds. Recently, alkyl radicals attracted much attention as they can be generated from some azo-based initiators only under mild heat stimulus without oxygen participation. Many nanocarriers or hydrogel systems have been developed to load and deliver these radical initiators to lesion sites for theranostics. These systems show good anticancer or antimicrobial effect in hypoxic environment and some of them possess specific imaging abilities providing precise guidance for treatment. This review summarizes the developed materials that aim at treating hypoxic cancer and bacteria-infected wound by using this kind of oxygen-irrelevant alkyl radicals. Based on the carrier components, these agents are divided into three groups: inorganic, organic, as well as inorganic and organic hybrid carrier-based therapeutic systems. The construction of these agents and their specific advantages in biomedical field are highlighted. Finally, the existing problems and future promising development directions are discussed.

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Covalent Organic Frameworks as Favorable Constructs for Photodynamic Therapy

Abstract: Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with 2D pconjugation were designed and synthesized as molecular photosensitizers for efficient photodynamic therapy.

Cited by 40 publications

References 32 publications

A water-soluble copper-immobilized covalent organic framework functioning as an “OFF–ON” fluorescent sensor for amino acids

A water-soluble copper-immobilized covalent organic framework functioning as an “OFF–ON” fluorescent sensor for amino acids

A covalent organic framework-based multifunctional therapeutic platform for enhanced photodynamic therapy via catalytic cascade reactions

Recent Progress of Alkyl Radicals Generation‐Based Agents for Biomedical Applications

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