Covalent Organic Frameworks: Promising Materials as Heterogeneous Catalysts for C-C Bond Formations

Ma, Dongge; Wang, Yi; Liu, An-An; Li, Shuhong; Lu, Chichong; Chen, Chuncheng

doi:10.3390/catal8090404

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 196 publications

(242 reference statements)

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“…The former has garnered considerable success in the control of chemo-, regio- and even enantioselectivity [7,16]. As a significant branch of catalytic transfer hydrogenations, heterogeneous catalysis owns its distinct advantages: Easier separation and recyclization, less catalyst residue and non-decreased catalytic reactivity after multiple uses [17,18,19,20,21]. Heterogeneous catalysts play a pivotal role in the production of fine- and bulk-chemicals applying transfer hydrogenation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TiO2 Photocatalysis for Transfer Hydrogenation

Zhai

Wang

et al. 2019

Molecules

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Catalytic transfer hydrogenation reactions, based on hydrogen sources other than gaseous H2, are important processes that are preferential in both laboratories and factories. However, harsh conditions, such as high temperature, are usually required for most transition-metal catalytic and organocatalytic systems. Moreover, non-volatile hydrogen donors such as dihydropyridinedicarboxylate and formic acid are often required in these processes which increase the difficulty in separating products and lowered the whole atom economy. Recently, TiO2 photocatalysis provides mild and facile access for transfer hydrogenation of C=C, C=O, N=O and C-X bonds by using volatile alcohols and amines as hydrogen sources. Upon light excitation, TiO2 photo-induced holes have the ability to oxidatively take two hydrogen atoms off alcohols and amines under room temperature. Simultaneously, photo-induced conduction band electrons would combine with these two hydrogen atoms and smoothly hydrogenate multiple bonds and/or C-X bonds. It is heartening that practices and principles in the transfer hydrogenations of substrates containing C=C, C=O, N=O and C-X bond based on TiO2 photocatalysis have overcome a lot of the traditional thermocatalysis’ limitations and flaws which usually originate from high temperature operations. In this review, we will introduce the recent paragon examples of TiO2 photocatalytic transfer hydrogenations used in (1) C=C and C≡C (2) C=O and C=N (3) N=O substrates and in-depth discuss basic principle, status, challenges and future directions of transfer hydrogenation mediated by TiO2 photocatalysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TiO2 Photocatalysis for Transfer Hydrogenation

Zhai

Wang

et al. 2019

Molecules

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“…The catalyst (generally a solid) bears interfacial regions, called “active sites” that contribute to the activation of the catalytic reaction. A wide range of materials has been tested for the most varied type of reactions and syntheses [ 141 ]. COFs have recently earned the interest of researchers in this area: their high porosity, chemical stability and design versatility makes them ideal candidates for new and efficient solutions in heterogeneous catalysis [ 141 , 142 ].…”

Section: Cof Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Properties and Applications—An Overview

et al. 2021

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Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are an exciting new class of microporous polymers with unprecedented properties in organic material chemistry. They are generally built from rigid, geometrically defined organic building blocks resulting in robust, covalently bonded crystalline networks that extend in two or three dimensions. By strategically combining monomers with specific structures and properties, synthesized COF materials can be fine-tuned and controlled at the atomic level, with unparalleled precision on intrapore chemical environment; moreover, the unusually high pore accessibility allows for easy post-synthetic pore wall modification after the COF is synthesized. Overall, COFs combine high, permanent porosity and surface area with high thermal and chemical stability, crystallinity and customizability, making them ideal candidates for a myriad of promising new solutions in a vast number of scientific fields, with widely varying applications such as gas adsorption and storage, pollutant removal, degradation and separation, advanced filtration, heterogeneous catalysis, chemical sensing, biomedical applications, energy storage and production and a vast array of optoelectronic solutions. This review attempts to give a brief insight on COF history, the overall strategies and techniques for rational COF synthesis and post-synthetic functionalization, as well as a glance at the exponentially growing field of COF research, summarizing their main properties and introducing the numerous technological and industrial state of the art applications, with noteworthy examples found in the literature.

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“…Due to the fact that COFs are composed of organic components, COFs can be easily decorated with molecular catalysts that acquire activities and/or selectivities comparable to their homogeneous analogues. In general, two strategies have been mainly used to construct catalytically active COFs [65]. One strategy involves the postsynthetic integration of catalytic sites into a COF skeleton.…”

Section: Cofs With Single Functional Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Properties, and Their Potential Application of Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs)

Deng¹,

Zhang²,

Gao³

2019

Mesoporous Materials - Properties and Applications

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Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) represent an emerging class of crystalline porous polymers, which are ingeniously assembled with organic building blocks through reversible covalent bonds. The well-defined crystalline porous structures, easy functional modification, high surface area, together with structural designability and diversity have offered the COFs superior potential in various applications, such as catalysis, gas adsorption and separation, and optoelectricity. Since the pioneer work of Omar Yaghi in 2005, this field has developed rapidly and attracted much attention from researchers with diverse expertise. In this chapter, we describe the basic design concepts, the recent synthetic advancements, and the frontiers of functional exploration in gas adsorption and storage. Special emphasis is placed on their potential application in heterogeneous catalysis field. Finally, the prospects of COFs and remaining issues in these fields are indicated.

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Covalent Organic Frameworks: Promising Materials as Heterogeneous Catalysts for C-C Bond Formations

Cited by 44 publications

References 196 publications

TiO2 Photocatalysis for Transfer Hydrogenation

TiO2 Photocatalysis for Transfer Hydrogenation

Covalent Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Properties and Applications—An Overview

Synthesis, Properties, and Their Potential Application of Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs)

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