COVID-19 among Indigenous populations in Mexico and the response of the health system

Meneses-Navarro, Sergio; Freyermuth-Enciso, Graciela; Pelcastre‐Villafuerte, Blanca Estela; Gómez-Flores-Ramos, Liliana

doi:10.4324/9781003220381-4

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Our results show that fear of becoming infected with COVID-19 acted as a barrier to approaching health centers. This is consistent with other studies, where COVID-19 fatality rates were higher in indigenous population in comparison to the rest of the Mexican population [ 85 ]. Additionally, due to the pandemic, many health centers were converted to only attend COVID-19 cases, while others were saturated, and this complicated access to the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer worldwide [ 86 – 88 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Barriers and facilitators for breast cancer early diagnosis in an indigenous community in Mexico: voices of otomí women

Saldaña-Téllez,

Meneses-Navarro,

Cano-Garduño

et al. 2024

BMC Women's Health

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Background Literature on barriers and facilitators for early detection of Breast Cancer (BC) among indigenous women is very scarce. This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators for BC early diagnosis as perceived by women of the otomí ethnic group in Mexico. Methods We performed an exploratory qualitative study. Data was collected in 2021 through three focus group interviews with 19 otomí women. The interview transcripts were analyzed using the constant comparison method and guided by a conceptual framework that integrates the Social Ecological Model (SEM), the Health Belief Model and the Institute of Medicine’s Healthcare Quality Framework. Results Barriers and facilitators were identified at several levels of the SEM. Among the main barriers reported by the study participants were: beliefs about illness, cancer stigma, cultural gender norms, access barriers to medical care, and mistreatment and discrimination by health care personnel. Our participants perceived as facilitators: information provided by doctors, social support, perceived severity of the disease and perceived benefits of seeking care for breast symptoms. Conclusions Healthcare policies need to be responsive to the particular barriers faced by indigenous women in order to improve their participation in early detection and early help-seeking of care for breast symptoms. Measures to prevent and eradicate all forms of discrimination in healthcare are required to improve the quality of healthcare provided and the trust of the indigenous population in healthcare practitioners.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Barriers and facilitators for breast cancer early diagnosis in an indigenous community in Mexico: voices of otomí women

Saldaña-Téllez,

Meneses-Navarro,

Cano-Garduño

et al. 2024

BMC Women's Health

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View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Increase of catastrophic and impoverishing health expenditures in Mexico associated to policy changes and the COVID-19 pandemic

Serván-Mori,

Gómez-Dantés,

Contreras

et al. 2023

J Glob Health

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Background In 2003, the Mexican Congress approved a major reform to provide health care services to the poor population through the public insurance scheme Seguro Popular . This program was dismantled in 2019 as part of a set of health system reforms and substituted with the Health Institute for Welfare (INSABI). These changes were implemented during the initial phases of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. We aimed to examine the impact of these reforms and the COVID-19 pandemic on financial risk protection in Mexico between 2018 and 2020. Methods We performed a population-based analysis using cross-sectional data from the 2018 and 2020 rounds of the National Household Income and Expenditures Survey. We used a pooled fixed-effects multivariable two-stage probit model to determine the likelihood of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE), impoverishing health expenditure (IHE), and excessive health expenditure (EHE) among Mexican households. We also mapped the quintiles of changes in EHE in households without health insurance by state. Results The percentage of households without health insurance almost doubled from 8.8% (three million households) in 2018 to 16.5% (5.8 million households) in 2020. We also found large increases in the proportion of households incurring in CHE (18.4%; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 6.1, 30.7) and EHE (18.7%; 95% CI = 7.9, 29.5). Significant increases in CHE, IHE, and EHE were only observed among households without health insurance (CHE: 90.7%; 95% CI = 31.6, 149.7, EHE: 73.5%; 95% CI = 25.3, 121.8). Virtually all Mexican states (n/N = 31/32) registered an increase in EHE among households without health insurance. This increase has a systematic territorial component affecting mostly central and southern states (range = -1.0% to 194.4%). Conclusions The discontinuation of the Seguro Popular Program and its substitution with INSABI during the first stages of the COVID-19 pandemic reduced the levels of health care coverage in Mexico. This reduction and the pandemic increased out-of-pocket expenditure in health and the portion of CHE and EHE in the 2018-2020 period. The effect was higher in households without health insurance and households in central and southern states of the country. Further studies are needed to determine the specific effect both of recent policy changes and of the COVID-19 pandemic on the levels of financial protection in health in Mexico.

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COVID-19 among Indigenous populations in Mexico and the response of the health system

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Barriers and facilitators for breast cancer early diagnosis in an indigenous community in Mexico: voices of otomí women

Barriers and facilitators for breast cancer early diagnosis in an indigenous community in Mexico: voices of otomí women

Increase of catastrophic and impoverishing health expenditures in Mexico associated to policy changes and the COVID-19 pandemic

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