COVID-19 and healthy home preferences: The case of apartment residents in Tehran

Zarrabi, Mahsa; Yazdanfar, Seyed Abbas; Hosseini, Seyed Bagher

doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2020.102021

Cited by 74 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…As above-mentioned studies theoretically confirmed thorough ventilation as an efficient and economic measure to reduce the airborne disease spread, there are few experimental investigations [ 24 ]. Wu [ 25 ] carried out on-site measurement of tracer gas (SF 6 ) transmission between horizontal adjacent flats in residential building.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on ventilation rates and assessment of infection risks of COVID-19 in an outpatient building

Tang

2021

Journal of Building Engineering

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A modified Wells-Riley model combining the airborne route and close contact route was proposed to predict the infection risks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in main functional spaces of an outpatient building in Shenzhen, China. The personnel densities and ventilation rates in the 20 waiting rooms, outpatient hall and hospital street were on-site measured. The average fresh air volume per person and occupant area per person in the 20 waiting rooms were 77.6 m 3 /h and 6.47 m 2 /per, satisfied with the Chinese standard. The average waiting time of the occupants was 0.69 h. Thus, assuming the proportion of infected people in the outpatient building was 2%, the daily average infection probabilities of COVID-19 in the 20 waiting rooms were 0.19–1.88% with a reasonable setting of the quanta produced by an infector ( q = 45 quanta/h) and the effective exposure dose of pathogen per unit close contact time ( β = 0.05 h −1 ). The design of the semi-closed hospital street with a height of 24 m improved its natural ventilation with a fresh air volume per person of 70–185 m 3 /h and further dilute the viral aerosol and decreased the infection risk to a negligible level (i.e., below 0.04% with an infector proportion of 2%). The assessment method provides real-time prediction of indoor infection risk and good assist in spread control of COVID-19.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on ventilation rates and assessment of infection risks of COVID-19 in an outpatient building

Tang

2021

Journal of Building Engineering

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“…The relevance of the characteristics of the home [ 70 ] and the family environment are decisive in the lives of adolescents [ 65 ] and even more so when addressing the dedication to study, do leisure activities, and rest in the home in a confined context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confined Students: A Visual-Emotional Analysis of Study and Rest Spaces in the Homes

Cuerdo-Vilches

Martín

2021

IJERPH

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Confinement was adopted globally as a containment measure to face the COVID pandemic declared by WHO on March 2020. In Spain, the State of Alarm was established for three months. This implied the interruption of educational activities, having a higher incidence for children, since teaching would not be resumed until the following academic year, in September. This, together with the confusing initial information about COVID-19 transmission between children and their families, has made them one of the groups most vulnerable. In this study, a qualitative approach is made to secondary school students (aged 12). They were asked to share their experiences about confinement from the perspective of the home spaces, in relation to two main tasks relevant in this period: the tele-study and their relaxing time and well-being. Using images and narratives with an abstract and emotional description, the response of 46 children was obtained. A sentiment analysis was carried out from their testimonies. Results suggest a greater availability of tele-study spaces with daylighting, mainly in bedrooms, with laptops. For leisure and rest spaces, sofas, beds, and cohabitant gathering were preferred. Written testimonials were mainly positive. Housing features and family cohesion condition their resilience in situations of uncertainty, like confinement.

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“…A large web-based survey of 8177 Italian students found that poor housing (i.e., living in apartments <60 m 2 with poor views and poor indoor quality) was associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms during lockdown (71). In addition, an Iranian study which evaluated people's preferences and priorities to choose healthy homes after the COVID-19 pandemic revealed that the most critical priorities for residents were natural light, having a view, acoustic protection, and an open or semi-open space (72). Our con icting results may be explained by the greater proximity to other children in urban than in rural areas.…”

Section: Housingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children's Mental and Behavioral Health, Schooling, Sociodemographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics During School Closure in France Due To COVID-19: The SAPRIS Project.

Monnier

Moulin

Thierry

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: COVID-19 limitation strategies have led to widespread school closures around the world. The present study reports children’s mental health and associated factors during the COVID-19 school closure in France in the spring of 2020. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the SAPRIS project set up during the COVID-19 pandemic in France. Using multinomial logistic regression models, we estimated associations between children’s mental health, children’s health behaviors, schooling, and sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the children’s families. Results: The sample consisted of 5702 children aged 8 to 9 years, including 50.2% girls. In multivariate logistic regression models, children’s sleeping difficulties were associated with children’s abnormal hyperactivity-inattention (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) 2.05; 95% Confidence Interval 1.70-2.47) and emotional symptoms (aOR 5.34; 95% CI 4.16-6.86). Factors specifically associated with abnormal hyperactivity/inattention were: male sex (aOR 2.29; 95% CI 1.90-2.76), access to specialized care prior to the pandemic and its suspension during school closure (aOR 1.51; 95% CI 1.21-1.88), abnormal emotional symptoms (aOR 4.06; 95% CI 3.11-5.29), being unschooled or schooled with assistance before lockdown (aOR 2.13; 95% CI 1.43-3.17), and tutoring with difficulties or absence of a tutor (aOR 3.25; 95% CI 2.64-3.99; aOR 2.47; 95% CI 1.48-4.11, respectively). Factors associated with children’s emotional symptoms were the following: being born pre-term (aOR 1.34; 95% CI 1.03-1.73), COVID-19 cases among household members (aOR 1.72; 95% CI 1.08-2.73), abnormal symptoms of hyperactivity/inattention (aOR 4.18; 95% CI 3.27-5.34) and modest income (aOR 1.45; 95% CI 1.07-1.96; aOR 1.36; 95% CI 1.01-1.84). Conclusions: Multiple characteristics were associated with elevated levels of symptoms of hyperactivity-inattention and emotional symptoms in children during the period of school closure due to COVID-19. Further studies are needed to help policymakers to balance the pros and cons of closing schools, taking into consideration the educational and psychological consequences for children.

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COVID-19 and healthy home preferences: The case of apartment residents in Tehran

Cited by 74 publications

References 64 publications

Study on ventilation rates and assessment of infection risks of COVID-19 in an outpatient building

Study on ventilation rates and assessment of infection risks of COVID-19 in an outpatient building

Confined Students: A Visual-Emotional Analysis of Study and Rest Spaces in the Homes

Children's Mental and Behavioral Health, Schooling, Sociodemographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics During School Closure in France Due To COVID-19: The SAPRIS Project.

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