COVID-19 and its impact on neurological manifestations and mental health: the present scenario

Sultana, Shaheen; Ananthapur, Venkateshwari

doi:10.1007/s10072-020-04695-w

Cited by 18 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The specific neurological symptoms in COVID-19 patients normally include acute cerebrovascular disease, ataxia, seizure, cranial nerve involvement, and neuroinflammationassociated neurological disorders (Asadi-Pooya and Simani, 2020; Beyrouti et al, 2020;Kempuraj et al, 2020). In addition to direct CNS invasion, microthrombosis, severe hypoxemia, and neurological side effects of antiviral medications, the mechanism of gut microbial dysbiosis has been proposed to explain the neurological damage produced by COVID-19 (Sultana and Ananthapur, 2020;Whittaker et al, 2020). Alteration of the composition of the gut microbiota during intestinal SARS-CoV-2 infection could be involved in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric symptoms via the gut-brain axis, including the immunological, hormonal, and neuronal pathways.…”

Section: Involvement Of Gut Microbiota In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota in antiviral strategy from bats to humans: a missing link in COVID-19

Luo

Shan

Jin

2021

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Bats are a potential natural reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 virus and other viruses detrimental to humans. Accumulated evidence has shown that, in their adaptation to a flight-based lifestyle, remodeling of the gut microbiota in bats may have contributed to immune tolerance to viruses. This evidence from bats provides profound insights into the potential influence of gut microbiota in COVID-19 disease in humans. Here, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota helps bats tolerate deadly viruses, and summarize the current clinical evidence on the influence of gut microbiota on the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and risk of COVID-19 leading to a fatal outcome. In addition, we discuss the implications of gut microbiota-targeted approaches for preventing infection and reducing disease severity in COVID-19 patients.

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Section: Involvement Of Gut Microbiota In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota in antiviral strategy from bats to humans: a missing link in COVID-19

Luo

Shan

Jin

2021

Sci. China Life Sci.

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“…As several studies demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 infection can affect the central nervous system [3][4][5], we could consider it as a likely causal factor in DG. Presence of vascular risk factors in our patient is consistent with recent evidence suggesting that acute cerebrovascular events related to COVID-19 are more frequent in patients with severe respiratory distress and common cardiovascular risk factors [3].…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ageusia and anosmia are further relevant signs of nervous system involvement in SARS-CoV-2 infection [4].…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balint-Holmes Syndrome due to stroke following SARS-CoV-2 infection: a single case report

Panico

Arini

Cantone

et al. 2020

Preprint

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In the present case report we describe the clinical features of a patient showing Balint-Holmes’ syndrome following bilateral parieto-occipital damage due to a stroke after SARS-CoV-2 infection. During neuropsychological assessment, the patient demonstrated severe optic ataxia, simulatanagnosia and gaze apraxia, which represent pathognomonic signs of Balint-Holmes’ syndrome. As several studies demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 infection can affect the central nervous system, especially in presence of specific risks factors and neurological symptoms such as ageusia and anosmia, we considered the infection as a likely causal factor in our patient. Notwithstanding the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and stroke has not been fully comprehended, our report contributes to raising attention on the possibility that it can lead to even quite rare cognitive defects.

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“…More than onethird of COVID-19 patients present neuropsychiatric symptoms during the course of the disease. Even in some patients, neurologic symptoms may be the initial or only presentations of the COVID-19 [2]. An association between major depressive disorder (MDD), alexithymia, and negative complications such as suicidal behavior in COVID-19 patients has been described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Down’s syndrome and COVID-19: risk or protection factor against infection? A molecular and genetic approach

Altable¹,

Serna

2020

Neurol Sci

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Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of learning difficulties and intellectual disabilities. DS patients often present with several congenital defects and chronic diseases, including immunity disorders. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) have been seen, which appear to vary with age. At birth, patients present with combined immunodeficiency, with frequent infections that decrease with age. Furthermore, high levels of IL-4 and IL-10 with anti-inflammatory properties and low levels of IL-6 and TNF-α are described in children. The immune system is believed to play an essential role in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, and it has been associated with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and an exaggerated cytokine release syndrome (CRS) that may eventually trigger a severe situation called cytokine storm. On the other hand, genetic features seem to be involved in the predisposition to illness and its severity. Overexpression of DSCR1 and ZAKI-4 inhibits the translocation of activated T lymphocyte nuclear factor (NF-AT) to the nucleus, a main step in the inflammatory responsiveness. We discuss here the possible role of immunology and genetic features of DS in the infection and prognosis in COVID-19.

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COVID-19 and its impact on neurological manifestations and mental health: the present scenario

Cited by 18 publications

References 59 publications

Gut microbiota in antiviral strategy from bats to humans: a missing link in COVID-19

Gut microbiota in antiviral strategy from bats to humans: a missing link in COVID-19

Balint-Holmes Syndrome due to stroke following SARS-CoV-2 infection: a single case report

Down’s syndrome and COVID-19: risk or protection factor against infection? A molecular and genetic approach

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