COVID-19 and Renal Complications in Neonates and Pediatrics

Bahrami, Reza; Neámatzadeh, Hossein; Akbarian, Elahe

doi:10.18502/wjpn.v3i2.6153

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…8 In addition, COVID-19 mortality rates in infected children are less than 1%. 14 Although the respiratory tract is the main target for SARS-CoV-2, cardiovascular engagement is rising as one of the most important and life-threatening difficulties of COVID-19 disease in adults. 15 Prior investigations about the pneumonia outbreak produced by COVID-19 were largely based on knowledge from adult groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Death of a 3 Month-Old Infected Infant with Dilated Cardiomyopathy after COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Baghalsafa¹,

Neámatzadeh²,

Ekraminasab³

2021

WJPN

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Background: Several numbers of studies have reported that coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in infants and children have shown milder symptoms and a better prognosis than in adult patients. However, there is no sufficient evidence on the effect of cardiovascular involvement in COVID-19 in the infant. Case Report: Here, we report an infant infected with COVID-19 with the manifestations of dilated myocarditis. The patient was referred to Pediatric Emergency with lethargy and tachypnea. On physical examination, she had holosystolic murmur with grade 3/6. The laboratory examinations showed anemia as well as increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. Due to respiratory distress, she was intubated and put under mechanical ventilation. The diagnosis of COVID-19 infection was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using a pharyngeal specimen. Finally, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) was diagnosed and one day after hospitalization the infant was died due to complications of DCM. Conclusion: It seems that in the infant with severe underlying disease, even a mild COVID-19 infection, may be lethal. Focal viral myocarditis is a very rare condition described by localized disturbance of the myocardium occurring in ventricular dysfunction with significant morbidity and mortality. Thus, due to the possibility of cardiac injury in infected neonates with COVID-19 disease and the manifestation of myocarditis, effective measurement is recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Death of a 3 Month-Old Infected Infant with Dilated Cardiomyopathy after COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Baghalsafa¹,

Neámatzadeh²,

Ekraminasab³

2021

WJPN

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“…SARS-COV2 appears to be less dangerous in children and associated symptoms are milder than in adults. 1,2 The mechanism by which infants and children are less susceptible to severe SARS-COV2 remains to be elucidated. Angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) is the receptor for COVID-19 entering the body, according to studies, ACE-2 is not as effective in children as it is in adults, and therefore, COVID-19 is less dangerous in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Immune Response to COVID-19 in Neonates

Bahrami,

Asadian,

Golshan-Tafti

2023

WJPN

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Background: During the COVID-19 epidemic, many neonates were involved, but they had fewer complications and deaths than adults. Therefore, in this review study, we investigated the immune mechanisms of neonates in response to COVID-19. Methods: We reviewed articles that evaluated the immune system, COVID-19, or SARS-COV2 in neonates. We searched the databases of Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, SciELO, and CNKI databases published up to December 2022. Results: There are different immune mechanisms in response to COVID-19 in infants, which lead to a different response to COVID-19 compared to adults. The important mechanisms include lower expression of ACE2 receptor, abundant of naive T cells, absence of cytokine storm, abundant of immunosuppressive cells, less inflammatory reactions, breastmilk secretory IgA, transfer of IgG through the placenta, and absence of chronic comorbidities. Also, in comparison with pediatrics multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) doesn’t observe in neonates. Conclusion: The exact immune mechanisms in response to COVID-19 in infants have not yet been discovered, but knowing the exact mechanisms can be effective in future treatments, the production of effective vaccines, and other viral treatments, so there is a need for more investigations in this field.

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“…5 COVID-19 appears to be less threatening in pediatric patients and is associated with milder symptoms than in adults. 6 Numerous studies have demonstrated that pediatrics and adolescents comprise a small ratio of the verified case. 7 Nevertheless, the infection course in pediatrics can be indistinct, with the most typical clinical symptoms and signs being fever, sore throat, and headaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality Rate in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients with COVID-19 Infection in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Golshan-Tafti¹,

Ekraminasab²,

Bahrami³

et al. 2022

WJPN

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Background: There is little data on the mortality rate and severity of COVID-19 infection among pediatrics. This knowledge is particularly significant because pneumonia is the main underlying cause of death in children worldwide. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the mortality rate of COVID-19 in the pediatric population in Iran. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the publications was conducted based on the PRISMA guidelines to search for COVID-19 child mortality. PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Medline databases, and Persian database were searched for publications on pediatric COVID-19 infections published in Iran with a focus on mortality in children with COVID -19 infection in Iran between January 1st to April 30th, 2021. Articles representing at least one Pediatric with and without comorbidities, COVID-19 infection, and informed outcomes were examined. Results: Eight studies including three case series, and five retrospective cross-sectional studies altogether representing a total of 238 pediatric patients with COVID-19 were included in this meta-analysis. Of this population, 14 patients had died. In this study, the mean age of the study sample was 6.7 years. The mortality rate among children hospitalized with COVID-19 was 9% (95% CI 0.055-0.146). Also, children with comorbidities had a higher risk of COVID-19 related mortality. Conclusion: Unlike adults, most infected children are asymptomatic and are not usually hospitalized. Children with underlying conditions are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 related mortality than children without underlying illness. More attention should be paid to children with comorbidities and children of young age.

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COVID-19 and Renal Complications in Neonates and Pediatrics

Abstract: The article's abstract is not available.

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Death of a 3 Month-Old Infected Infant with Dilated Cardiomyopathy after COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Death of a 3 Month-Old Infected Infant with Dilated Cardiomyopathy after COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Evaluation of Immune Response to COVID-19 in Neonates

Mortality Rate in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients with COVID-19 Infection in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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