COVID-19 and the Heart and Vasculature

Kadosh, Bernard; Garshick, Michael; Gaztañaga, Juan; Moore, Kathryn J.; Newman, Jonathan; Pillinger, Michael H.; Ramasamy, Ravichandran; Reynolds, Harmony R.; Shah, Binita; Hochman, Judith S.; Fishman, Glenn I.; Katz, Stuart D.

doi:10.1161/atvbaha.120.314513

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“… 6 , 7 Evidence has linked complications of SARS-CoV-2 to the heart. 8 , 9 At presentation of COVID-19 disease, elevated levels of cardiac troponin have been observed, which are indicators of cardiac involvement and harbingers of poor outcome. 10 SARS-CoV-2 may directly infect human cardiomyocytes.…”

Section: Covid-19: Properties and Cellular Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Journey to a Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Connection in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection

Roy

Ramasamy

Schmidt

2021

ATVB

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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected millions of people worldwide and the pandemic has yet to wane. Despite its associated significant morbidity and mortality, there are no definitive cures and no fully preventative measures to combat SARS-CoV-2. Hence, the urgency to identify the pathobiological mechanisms underlying increased risk for and the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection is mounting. One contributing factor, the accumulation of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules, is a leading trigger for the activation of nuclear factor-kB and the IRF (interferon regulatory factors), such as IRF7. Activation of these pathways, particularly in the lung and other organs, such as the heart, contributes to a burst of cytokine release, which predisposes to significant tissue damage, loss of function, and mortality. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) binds damage-associated molecular patterns is expressed in the lung and heart, and in priming organs, such as the blood vessels (in diabetes) and adipose tissue (in obesity), and transduces the pathological signals emitted by damage-associated molecular patterns. It is proposed that damage-associated molecular pattern-RAGE enrichment in these priming tissues, and in the lungs and heart during active infection, contributes to the widespread tissue damage induced by SARS-CoV-2. Accordingly, the RAGE axis might play seminal roles in and be a target for therapeutic intervention in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Section: Covid-19: Properties and Cellular Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Journey to a Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Connection in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection

Roy

Ramasamy

Schmidt

2021

ATVB

Self Cite

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“…Common atherosclerotic manifestations reported by patients with COVID-19 infection include a minor respiratory syndrome, hypoxemia, ischemic stroke, and inflammatory thrombophilia which may include thromboembolism [37,44,45,46]. Other cases reported include an increase in serum cardiac biomarkers such as troponin, ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction and acute myocarditis based on clinical discoveries using elevated biomarkers, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and electrocardiographic changes [47,48,49].…”

Section: Impact Of Covid-19 On Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other cases reported include an increase in serum cardiac biomarkers such as troponin, ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction and acute myocarditis based on clinical discoveries using elevated biomarkers, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and electrocardiographic changes [47,48,49]. Children with harsh symptoms of COVID-19 were found to have vasculitis similar to Kawasaki disease [46,50,51,52,53,54]. The Sars-CoV-2 virus which triggers an inflammatory response in patients with COVID-19 also enhances the activation of platelets and the expression of tissue factor in these patients [46,55,56].…”

Section: Impact Of Covid-19 On Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional Impact of COVID-19 and Its Implications on Atherosclerosis

Esobi¹,

Lasode²,

Anyanwu³

et al. 2020

JNH

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected people from every part of the world, with the elderly and minority groups being at a higher risk owing to the high prevalence of underlying health conditions such as atherosclerosis among these groups. This study discusses numerous implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on people consuming more unhealthy foods due to restricted access to stores and stores closing early. A lot of people currently live a sedentary lifestyle because of the strenuous quarantine measures. COVID-19 impacts the nutritional status of people leaving them at risk of atherosclerosis and worsens the health condition of individuals suffering from it. Also, the use of COVID-19 medications has been observed to have side effects in patients with atherosclerosis. Thus, we review the nutritional impact of COVID-19 and its implications on atherosclerosis at length and make recommendations for reducing future implications. This study would serve as a foundation for further research on COVID-19 and its implications on atherosclerosis as only a limited number of studies have addressed it.

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“…Diabetes is one of the critical factors in the development of atherosclerosis. This fact is even relevant to the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as recent reports showed that patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and atherosclerosis are at a greater risk for severe COVID-19 complications [ 3 ]. Therefore, it is essential to understand the mechanism underlying the development of atherosclerosis as diabetes progresses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanisms of the Development of Atherosclerosis in Prediabetes

Liang

Wang

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Lifestyle changes, such as overeating and underexercising, can increase the risk of prediabetes. Diabetes is one of the leading causes of atherosclerosis, and recently it became clear that the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis progresses even before the onset of diabetic symptoms. In addition to changes in platelets and leukocytes in the hyperglycemic state and damage to vascular endothelial cells, extracellular vesicles and microRNAs were found to be involved in the progression of prediabetes atherosclerosis. This review discusses the cellular and molecular mechanisms of these processes, with an intention to enable a comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology of prediabetes and atherosclerosis.

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COVID-19 and the Heart and Vasculature

Cited by 28 publications

References 111 publications

Journey to a Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Connection in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection

Journey to a Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Connection in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection

Nutritional Impact of COVID-19 and Its Implications on Atherosclerosis

The Mechanisms of the Development of Atherosclerosis in Prediabetes

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