COVID‐19 and the Liver: Lessons Learnt from the EAST and the WEST, A Year Later

Ekpanyapong, Sirina; Bunchorntavakul, Chalermrat; Reddy, K. Rajender

doi:10.1111/jvh.13590

Cited by 43 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…No serious adverse events were found in all enrolled participants in this study. The frequency of liver injury was comparable with other studies [ 16 , 17 ]. Overall, VV116 showed satisfactory safety results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

An open, prospective cohort study of VV116 in Chinese participants infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants

Shen

Lin

et al. 2022

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has become the predominant variant worldwide. VV116 is an oral drug with robust anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy in preclinical studies. We conducted an open, prospective cohort study to evaluate its safety and effectiveness in Chinese participants infected with the omicron variant from March 8th, 2022 to March 24th, 2022. 136 hospitalized nonsevere patients confirmed with COVID-19 were enrolled including 60 patients who received VV116 (300 mg, BID×5 days) in the treatment group and 76 patients who didn’t receive VV116 in the control group besides standard treatment. Viral load shedding time and adverse events were collected during the follow-up. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the VV116 group and the control group, except for a higher symptom prevalence in the control group ( P = 0.021). The median time from the first positive test to the first VV116 administration was 5 (range: 2-10) days. Participants who received VV116 within 5 days since the first positive test had a shorter viral shedding time than the control group (8.56 vs 11.13 days), and cox regression analysis showed adjusted HR of 2.37 [95%CI 1.50-3.75], P < 0.001. In symptomatic subgroup, VV116 group had a shorter viral shedding time than the control group ( P = 0.016). A total of 9 adverse events with no serious adverse events were reported in the VV116 group, all of them were resolved without intervention. VV116 is a safe, effective oral antiviral drug, which shows a better performance within the early onset of omicron infection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

An open, prospective cohort study of VV116 in Chinese participants infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants

Shen

Lin

et al. 2022

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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“…For instance, several genes related to liver diseases, such as biliary cirrhosis and experimental cirrhosis, were found in the study. SARS-CoV-2 had a remarkable tropism for the liver and the biliary tract ( 82 ), including the infrequent and chronic manifestation of cholangiopathy ( 83 ). Second, endometriosis, a disease associated with high levels of chronic stress, had been linked to psychological problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder, psychological distress, depression, and anxiety caused by COVID-19 pandemic ( 84 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinformatics and System Biology Approach to Identify the Influences of COVID-19 on Rheumatoid Arthritis

Tang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundSevere coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19) has led to a rapid increase in mortality worldwide. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was a high-risk factor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, whereas the molecular mechanisms underlying RA and CVOID-19 are not well understood. The objectives of this study were to analyze potential molecular mechanisms and identify potential drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 and RA using bioinformatics and a systems biology approach.MethodsTwo Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) sets extracted from GSE171110 and GSE1775544 datasets were intersected to generate common DEGs, which were used for functional enrichment, pathway analysis, and candidate drugs analysis.ResultsA total of 103 common DEGs were identified in the two datasets between RA and COVID-19. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) was constructed using various combinatorial statistical methods and bioinformatics tools. Subsequently, hub genes and essential modules were identified from the PPI network. In addition, we performed functional analysis and pathway analysis under ontological conditions and found that there was common association between RA and progression of COVID-19 infection. Finally, transcription factor-gene interactions, protein-drug interactions, and DEGs-miRNAs coregulatory networks with common DEGs were also identified in the datasets.ConclusionWe successfully identified the top 10 hub genes that could serve as novel targeted therapy for COVID-19 and screened out some potential drugs useful for COVID-19 patients with RA.

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“…SARS-CoV-2 primarily affects the lungs and respiratory tract, and respiratory and pulmonary manifestations are the most common manifestations in clinical practice and reports from the literature [6][7][8]; however, other organs can also be involved, such as the liver, resulting in liver injury. The possible pathogenesis of hepatic manifestations in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients includes direct viral injury, drug-induced liver injury, hyperinflammatory cytokine storm and hypoxic-ischemic liver injury [9]. Liver injury has been reported in 14.8-53% of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients [10][11][12][13]; however, these data were based on the wild-type, Alpha or Beta variants, and the clinical features of liver injury in patients infected with the Delta and Omicron variants are unknown, especially in the post-COVID-19 vaccination era.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features and predictive factors related to liver injury in SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variant-infected patients

Deng

Lin

Mai

et al. 2022

European Journal of Gastroenterology &Amp; Hepatology

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Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Delta and Omicron variants have become the dominant variants worldwide, and studies focused on liver injury in these patients are limited. Materials and methods In this study, 157 SARS-CoV-2-infected patients were enrolled, including 77 Delta variant-infected patients and 80 Omicron variant-infected patients. Liver injury data and clinical data were summarized and compared between patients infected with the two variants, additionally, patients with or without liver injury were also compared and multivariate analysis was performed to explore the predictive factors related to liver injury in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. Results Liver injury was found in 18 (23.4%)/15 (18.8%) in Delta/Omicron variant-infected patients on admission, and 4 (5.2%)/1 (1.3%) in Delta/Omicron variant-infected patients during hospitalization, respectively. The ratios of liver injury did not differ between the two groups (χ2 = 1.571; P = 0.210). Among these patients, 17 (77.3%) and 12 (75.0%) Delta and Omicron variant-infected patients were considered to be related to SARS-CoV-2 infection, the biomarkers of liver function were mildly elevated, dominated by the parameter of cholangiocyte injury: 76.5% (13/17) and 83.3% (10/12) in Delta and Omicron variant-infected patients, and most of these patients recovered to normal during follow-up. Multivariate analysis showed that male sex [odds ratio (OR), 4.476; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.235–16.222; P = 0.023] and high levels of peak viral load in the nasopharynx (OR, 3.022; 95% CI, 1.338–6.827; P = 0.008) were independent factors related to liver injury. Conclusion Cholangiocyte injury biomarkers are dominated in Delta and Omicron variant-infected patients, male sex and high levels of peak viral load in the nasopharynx are predictive factors related to liver injury in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients.

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COVID‐19 and the Liver: Lessons Learnt from the EAST and the WEST, A Year Later

Cited by 43 publications

References 132 publications

An open, prospective cohort study of VV116 in Chinese participants infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants

An open, prospective cohort study of VV116 in Chinese participants infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants

Bioinformatics and System Biology Approach to Identify the Influences of COVID-19 on Rheumatoid Arthritis

Clinical features and predictive factors related to liver injury in SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variant-infected patients

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