“…Theoretical work and empirical research have applied this concept to a wide range of institutions and topics, including responses from the U.S. government, universities, and the healthcare industry regarding COVID-19 (Adams-Clark & Freyd, 2021; DePrince & Cook, 2020; Klest et al, 2020), experiences of police brutality (McAuliffe, 2018), racial discrimination in the workplace (Gómez, 2015), among others. The bulk of work, however, has examined the impact of institutional betrayal in the context of sexual trauma across multiple settings (e.g., universities, military service, the court system, churches) (e.g., Andresen et al, 2019; Cook & Freyd, 2019; Smith & Freyd, 2013; Smith et al, 2014).…”