COVID-19 vaccination, incidence, and mortality rates among indigenous populations compared to the general population in Brazil: Describing trends over time

Vaccine Coverage and Effectiveness Against Laboratory-Confirmed Symptomatic and Severe COVID-19 in Indigenous People in Brazil: A Cohort Study

“…A previous study calculated vaccine coverage of indigenous groups in Brazil, pointing out that vaccine coverage in the elderly was lower than in the general Brazilian population [19]. In our study, we also found lower coverage of partial or full vaccination against Covid-19 than in the general Brazilian population, with inadequate coverage (< 80%) for almost all strata of sex, region, socioeconomic index, and age.…”

“…In Brazil, there were observed declining trends of the incidence and mortality caused by Covid-19 in indigenous people, supposed to have occurred due to the increased coverage of Covid-19 vaccines in that group during 2021. However, the study used aggregated data and did not provide a formal VE evaluation [19]. In the Colombian Amazon which borders Brazil, CoronaVac showed over 94% effectiveness against symptomatic Covid-19 in a majority indigenous population of a municipality of 7856 inhabitants with very large (> 99%) vaccine coverage [21].…”

The Brazilian vaccine divide: How some municipalities were left behind in the Covid-19 vaccine coverage

“…This requires conducting comprehensive national studies, covering extended periods, and employing finer geographic disaggregation. Thus far, research on the Brazilian experience has predominantly focused on the early stages of the vaccination campaign [18], on specific population groups [19], or aggregated data at the state level [20]. Additionally, studies in Brazil and worldwide have primarily examined vaccination efforts within short time intervals, such as a single month or epidemiological week, with a need for more literature analyzing the dynamic evolution of inequalitiesand countries' responses-throughout the entire vaccination campaign.…”

Brazil's Yanomami health disaster: addressing the public health emergency requires advancing criminal accountability

“…The death of hundreds of Yanomami children, in addition to dozens of hospitalizations ( 12 ), poses a serious threat to the future of the Yanomami people and their very capability of existing in the long term. During the COVID-19 outbreak in Brazil, several Indigenous leaders and elders have died, partially because of Bolsonaro's administration and its lack of commitment to combating the virus or promoting Indigenous health ( 2 , 13 ). Some say that when a tribal chief or elder dies, a whole library dies with them, considering the way knowledge is transmitted from generation to generation through oral traditions ( 13 ).…”

“…During the COVID-19 outbreak in Brazil, several Indigenous leaders and elders have died, partially because of Bolsonaro's administration and its lack of commitment to combating the virus or promoting Indigenous health ( 2 , 13 ). Some say that when a tribal chief or elder dies, a whole library dies with them, considering the way knowledge is transmitted from generation to generation through oral traditions ( 13 ). By allowing Yanomami children to die from preventable diseases, Brazil is endangering the future of these communities, and by allowing the elders to perish, we are losing an important part of their past, history, and ancestrality.…”