COW URINE DISTILLATE AS A BIOENHANCER FOR ANTIMICROBIAL & ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY AND REDISTILLED COW URINE DISTILLATE AS AN ANTICLASTOGEN AGENT

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to prove that cow urine distillate (CUD) is a bioenhancer for antimicrobial activity and antiproliferative activity, redistilled CUD (RCUD) as an anticlastogen agent. Methods:The antimicrobial activity of rifampicin with CUD at different concentrations was determined against pathogenic Escherichia coli by well puncture method. The Penicillin and ciprofloxacin in combination with CUD at different/increasing concentrations against pathogenic E. coli culture were also determined by disc diffusion method. Sulforaphane (ACA) as an anticancer agent was extracted from cruciferous vegetables and purified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The Breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) were treated with anticancer agents along with CUD in increasing concentrations. The anticlastogenic activity of RCUD in human peripheral lymphocytes was tested with clastogens such as manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium.Results: CUD showed to enhance the antimicrobial activity of rifampicin with 20 µl concentration by well puncture method; penicillin with increasing concentration of up to 80 µl and ciprofloxacin up to 80 µl, respectively, by disc diffusion method. The rate of degeneration of breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) was increased with increasing concentration of CUD. Clastogen (MnO 2 ) of 10 µl with 200 µl of RCUD showed effective anticlastogenic activity in agarose gel electrophoresis as the activity of clastogen decreased with increasing concentration of RCUD. Conclusion:CUD acts as a bioenhancer to increase antimicrobial and antiproliferative activity. RCUD showed a high level of anticlastogenic activity toward clastogen. Thus, cow urine is found to have special properties that can be used in combination with different therapeutic agents to cure several diseases such as tuberculosis, leprosy, and cancer. Further in vivo and clinical studies are required to confirm its therapeutic efficacy.

Antibacterial properties of distilled cow’s urine on bacterial species from clinical specimens

“…We selected four different bacterial species, which are the common cause of human infections in this part of the country. Distilled cow's urine was initially tested for sterility and was found to be sterile as observed in the earlier studies (16,17). Sterile CUD was tested on the standard strain of E. coli ATCC 25922, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, S. aureus ATCC 25923, E. faecalis ATCC 29212, to know the MIC.…”

“…Medicinal value of cow's urine was appreciated long ago as its efficacy and mechanism of antibacterial effect remain elusive, thorough scientific validation is required to prove its efficacy. Few studies from different Indian states like Madhya Pradesh, Kerala, Karnataka, Gujarat, and New Delhi, have reported the antibacterial effect of cow's urine (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Interestingly, urine of most of the native cow exhibit antimicrobial properties but not the urine of buffalo, goat and crossbred cows (18).…”

Cow products: boon to human health and food security

“…Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of many essential micronutrients (calcium, phosphorous), vitamins (B1, B2, and C), and enzymes (amylase, acid phosphatase, lactate, and lactate dehydrogenase, etc.) in cow urine (Mohanvel et al 2017 ; Ketan et al 2020 ). Studies also confirmed that cow dung harbors a rich microbial diversity and a good source of essential enzymes and metabolites of human interest (Gupta et al 2016 ; Semwal et al 2019).…”

“…Lactoferrin is a major iron-binding glycoprotein from cow milk known to have an immunomodulatory role, and recently, their immunocompetence efficacy has been emphasized against SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or COVID-19 (Mann and Ndung 2020). The active constituents of cow urine prevent the free radical formation, act as bio-enhancer, reduce blood glucose, and efficiently repair the damaged DNA, thus showing anticancer and anti-diabetic efficacy (Dutta et al 2006 ; Mohanvel et al 2017 ). Recently, Padvi et al ( 2020 ) suggested that cow urine mediated synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) can be used for antineoplastic therapy.…”

“…The active constituents of the cow milk, especially proteins (i.e., caseins, lactoferrin, and albumins), immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgE, and IgD), and cytokines (interleukins and interferon), have been widely used in the treatment of several physiological or metabolic disordered related to the brain, kidney, heart, and other organs (Watson et al 2017). These active constituents have a significant protective influence on specific disease conditions of particular target organs by modulating signaling pathways and other elements (Mohanvel et al 2017;Jawhara et al 2020). Peptides derived from the digestion of cow proteins have demonstrated anticancer and antimutagenic properties, including mechanisms of DNA damage mitigation and apoptosis induction via both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways (Pepe et al 2013;El-Fakharany et al 2018;Sharma et al 2019).…”