Cr, Ca : Y3Al5O12 laser crystal grown by the laser-heated pedestal growth method

Facet Appearance on the Lateral Face of Sapphire Single-Crystal Fibers during LHPG Growth

“…In some cases, it is possible to suppress the micro-facets on the SC lateral surface. For example, in [29], small-scale faceting of the lateral surface of a Cr 4+ :YAG SC fiber was suppressed at 15° seed orientation from plane (100) towards plane (110). …”

“…In some cases, it is possible to suppress the micro-facets on the SC lateral surface. For example, in [29], small-scale faceting of the lateral surface of a Cr 4+ :YAG SC fiber was suppressed at 15 • seed orientation from plane (100) towards plane (110). The LHPG method ensures steady growth of SC fibers along the C-direction without facet appearance on the lateral fiber surface even in conditions of tangible seed misalignment (up to 1°-1.5°) relative to the normal to the basal plane (0001) and the asymmetry of the heating zone.…”

Nanostructure formation of double-clad Cr4+:YAG crystal fiber grown by co-drawing laser-heated pedestal

“…Yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) is the mostly used solid-state laser gain medium because of its superior optical, thermal, and mechanical properties [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Cr 4+ -doped YAG can generate near-infrared fluorescence spectrum at 1.2-1.6 mm [7].…”

Fluorescence mapping of oxidation states of Cr ions in YAG crystal fibers

“…When the Cr 4+ :YAG crystal is co-doped with Ca 2+ or Mg 2+ ions as charge compensators, 4+ oxidation state of Cr can be produced [17][18][19][20]. CaO is normally used as the source of co-dopant due to the fact that it is less likely to vaporize during growth than MgO [17].…”