Cranial base influence on the nasomaxillary complex in Class II division 1 malocclusion (Three dimensional cephalometric study)

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the effect of the cranial base on the nasomaxillary complex in class II division 1 malocclusion. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on a sample of 104 Iraqi subjects in Mosul City aged 18-24 years 53 females and 51 males having class II division 1 malocclusion. Lateral and posteroanterior radiographs were taken for each subject and twenty three measurements were used (Nine angular and fourteen linear). Results of the analysis were the median (NSBa), lateral cranial base (NSCo) and saddle angle (NSAr) showed a significant effect on the inclination of the Frankfort plane from the anterior and posterior cranial base in same direction, For the saddle angle significantly affect the inclination of the Frankfort plane but in the opposite direction while on anteroposterior position of alveolar process of the premaxilla (SNPr) in the same direction. The anterior part (SN), second lateral posterior part (SCo) and depth of cranial base (NBa) significantly affect the maxillary length (ApMax-PNS), upper anterior (N-ANS) and posterior facial height (S-PNS). For the median posterior part (SBa) and first lateral posterior part (SAr) no significant effect on (upper anterior facial height). The anterior cranial base width (GL-GL) showed a significant affect [facial (Zy-Zy), maxillary (J-J) and upper intermolar width (U6-U6)]. While posterior cranial base width (Mas-Mas) was significantly affect [facial (Zy-Zy), maxillary (J-J) and nasal width (Nc-Nc)].Conclusion: The median, lateral cranial base and saddle angles showed correlation with the inclination of the Frankfort plane from the anterior and posterior cranial base. The observed impact of the cranial base widths on the nasomaxillary complex widths were for anterior cranial base width there was a significant effect on bizygomatic, bimaxillary and intermolar width

correlations of the maxillary sinus with the craniofacial dimensions in different age groups( A study on digital lateral cephalometric radiographs of males in Mosul city)

“…For MBL and TML in preadolescence, but no significant correlation showed in adolescence, with a significant correlation for MSD with nearly all the related craniofacial dimensions in all age group in general. In all measurement the percentage of increase from preadolescence to adolescence more than that from adolescence to adult these were listed in Tables (12,13) . Sinus growth or enlargement probably exert forces (functional matrix) on the surrounding structures that may stimulate its growth by bone remodeling and sutural growth process.…”

“…Below is an overview of the measurement of the patient's digital lateral cephalometric radiograph employed for exploration of the maxillary sinus and craniofacial dimensions. Craniofacial dimensions (12) : Involve anterior cranial base (SN), posterior cranial base (SBa), cranial base length (NBa), upper anterior facial height (UAFH), upper posterior facial height (UPFH), lower anterior facial height (LAFH), lower posterior facial height(LPFH), total anterior facial height (TAFH), total posterior facial height (TPFH), Maxillary length (MaxL), mandibular ramus length (MRL), mandibular body length (MBL) and total mandibular length (TML).…”