Cranial trepanation in The Egyptian

Collado-Vázquez, Susana; Carrillo, Jesús María

doi:10.1016/j.nrleng.2011.05.008

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Furthermore, up until 8000 B.C., trepanning appears to have been prescribed to treat headache, mental illness, epilepsy, and head traumas. In the latter case, it is believed that trepanation was utilized to relieve pressure on the brain caused by a fracture, bone shards or a suspected hematoma [11] . From an investigation of a large number of trephined Peruvian skulls excavated near an ancient fort, the paleopathologist Roy Moodie concluded that the practice was most likely used for the treatment of battle injuries on several continents [12] .…”

Section: Traumatic Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurology and War: From Antiquity to Modern Times

Paciaroni¹,

Arnao²

2016

War Neurology

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Here, we chronicle the evolution of warfare from antiquity to modern times (18th century) and its impact on the later-to-be-defined field of neurology, especially with regard to brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerve injuries and neurological disorders caused by biological weapons and psychological trauma. We describe how individuals courageously and intelligently dealt with the horrors of war, from the Egyptians to the Greeks and onward to the Romans, up until the physicians of modern times. In doing so, they responded to the call of duty by inventing solutions that benefitted not only soldiers but also civilian medicine.

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Section: Traumatic Brain Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurology and War: From Antiquity to Modern Times

Paciaroni¹,

Arnao²

2016

War Neurology

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“…Skull drilling is a surgical procedure that has been practiced since prehistoric times [1, 2, 3, 4]. In neurosurgery, the manual drilling technique survived to date [5, 6, 7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigations of a manually versus an electrically driven skull drill for bedside usage

et al. 2019

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Background Manual skull drilling is an old but in modern neurosurgery still established procedure which can be applied quickly and universally in emergency situations. Electrical drilling requires more complex equipment and is usually reserved to the Operating Room (OR). It also seems desirable to apply an electrical drill for bedside usage but a suitable product does not exist so far. Method Our experimental study using a manually and an electrically driven skull drill included a total of 40 holes drilled into synthetic biomechanical sheets. Half of the holes were produced with a prototype electrical drilling machine of the company Kaiser Technology and half of them with a traditional manual drill. Different drilling parameters such as the geometry of the borehole, the drilling forces and the drilling vibrations were captured during all experiments. Results The electrical drilling needed higher vertical force by the operators and a longer time to penetrate the sheet. A reason was the relatively lower rotational speed provided by this particular drill. When drilling electrically the vibrations were substantially less which in turn led to a more precise shape of the holes (revealed by observation via a microscope). Conclusions The electrification of bedside drilling can in principle enable emergency craniostomies to be performed with greater ease and accuracy. The power of the electric drive, however, must be at least equivalent to the power of the traditional manual drill. Otherwise, the vertical forces exerted on the scull by the operator become inhibitive. The challenge is to combine cost-efficiency and re-sterilizability of an electrically driven drilling machine which at the same time is small and simple enough to qualify for emergency applications.

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“…Forms of head pain have troubled human populations as far into the past as the historical record extends [1]- [6]. Today, known by the medical name Cephalalgia, headache is defined as pain occurring anywhere in the region of the head or the neck [7], representing a range of conditions that cast a considerable burden on societies and individuals [8]- [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the discrimination of primary and secondary headache: An intelligent systems approach

Keight

Al‐Jumeily

Hussain

et al. 2017

2017 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

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Abstract-We consider the use of intelligent systems to address the long-standing medical problem of diagnostic differentiation between harmful (secondary) and benign (primary) headache conditions. In secondary headaches, the condition is caused by an underlying pathology, in contrast to primary headaches where the production of pain represents the sole constituent of the disorder. Conventional diagnostic paradigms carry an unacceptable risk of misdiagnosis, leaving patients open to potentially catastrophic consequences. Intelligent systems approaches, grounded in artificial intelligence, are adopted in this study as a potential means to unite contributions from multiple settings, including medicine, the life sciences, pervasive computation, sensor technologies, and autonomous intelligent agency, in the fight against headache uncertainty. In this paper, we therefore present the first steps in our research towards a data intensive, unified approach to headache dichotomisation. We begin by presenting a background to headache and its classification, followed by analysis of the space of confounding symptoms, in addition to the problem of primary and secondary condition discrimination. Finally, we proceed to report results of a preliminary case study, in which the epileptic seizure is considered as a manifestation of a headache generating neuropathology. It was found that our classification approach, based on supervised machine learning, represents a promising direction, with a best area under curve test outcome of 0.915. We conclude that intelligent systems, in conjunction with biosignals, could be suitable for classification of a more general set of pathologies, while facilitating the medicalisation of arbitrary settings.

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Cranial trepanation in The Egyptian

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Neurology and War: From Antiquity to Modern Times

Neurology and War: From Antiquity to Modern Times

Experimental investigations of a manually versus an electrically driven skull drill for bedside usage

Towards the discrimination of primary and secondary headache: An intelligent systems approach

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