Creasing instability of surface-attached hydrogels

Trujillo, Veronica; Kim, Jung-Wook; Hayward, Ryan C.

doi:10.1039/b713263h

Cited by 269 publications

(403 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…10 (b), (d)). This critical swelling ratio for the onset of surface creases is in good agreement with previous reports 29 . When the swelling ratio is increased to !!…”

Section: Experiments Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This experiment uses a photo-crosslinkable poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-sodium acrylate-co-acrylamidobenzophenone) polymer described in previous reports 29,35 . to dilute the swelling solution and thus increase the swelling ratio of the charged gel, while the formation of creases is monitored in situ using either an upright optical microscope (Zeiss Axiotech Vario) in reflected-light differential interference contrast mode or a laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscope (Zeiss).…”

Section: Experiments With Thin Layers Of Gels On a Glass Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These wrinkles have dynamic analogs: Stoneley waves on the interface between two materials 18,[21][22][23] , and Rayleigh waves on the surface of a homogeneous material 21,24,25 . Wrinkles, however, have not been observed on surfaces of homogeneous elastic materials under compression; rather, creases have been observed 13,[26][27][28][29] . A recent theory shows that surface wrinkles and surface creases are two types of instability, and the critical strain for the onset of surface wrinkles is higher than that for the onset of surface creases 30 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Creases on the interface between two soft materials

et al. 2014

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Theory and experiment are presented to show that an interface between two soft materials under compression can form creases, a type of bifurcation distinct from wrinkles.While creases bifurcate from a state of flat interface by a deformation localized in space and large in amplitude, wrinkles bifurcate from a state of flat interface by a deformation nonlocal in space and small in amplitude. The interfacial creases set in at a lower critical compression than interfacial wrinkles, but higher than surface creases. The condition for the onset of interfacial creases is scale-free, and is calculated in terms of elastic moduli, pre-strains and applied strains.

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“…10 (b), (d)). This critical swelling ratio for the onset of surface creases is in good agreement with previous reports 29 . When the swelling ratio is increased to !!…”

Section: Experiments Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Experiments With Thin Layers Of Gels On a Glass Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Creases on the interface between two soft materials

et al. 2014

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“…47,48 Indeed, it is well-known from the bulk structures (mm scale thick structures) that swollen gel constrained at the filmϪsubstrate interface is subjected to a gradient compressive stress, which decreases from the topmost surface to the bottom. 43 While the gradient in compressive stress results in smooth sinusoidal buckles in the bulk gels, the same phenomenon in nanoscale thick gel, investigated here, resulted in buckling deformation as the way to release localized stresses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swelling-Induced Folding in Confined Nanoscale Responsive Polymer Gels

2010

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Mechanical instabilities such as buckling, wrinkling, creasing, and folding are commonplace in both natural and synthetic systems over a wide range of length scales. In this study, we focus on the spontaneous folding behavior of the highly swellable confined nanoscale (thickness below 100 nm) gel films resulting in the formation of a network of regularly folded structures spontaneously emerging in the course of their swelling and drying. We suggest that regular self-folding is originated from periodic instabilities (wrinkles) caused by swelling-initiated stresses under confined conditions. Furthermore, folded gel structures can be organized into regular serpentine-like manner by imposing various boundary conditions on microimprinted surfaces. We suggest that this demonstration of uniform gel to mechanically mediate morphogenesis has far-reaching implications in the creation of complex, large-area, 3D gel nanostructures.

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“…31 Without preliminary wrinkling, i.e. without applying external compressive stress, swelling of the elastomer causes formation of creases (Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Design of curved photonic crystal using swelling induced instabilities

et al. 2012

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In this communication, we propose a new approach based on combining two self-assembly processes, the one responsible for curvature formation and the second responsible for assembling of colloids into crystal structure. The presented curved crystals are obtained by combining the intrinsic elastic instability of thin sheets with colloidal vertical convective self-assembly. The described strategy can be viewed as a proof of concept for designing and controlling the shape and optical response of colloidal crystals without altering the effective refractive index.Colloidal photonic crystals have set up a new trend of optical materials thanks to their ability to control the propagation of light in the linear and in the nonlinear regimes. 1-3 The quick and widespread proliferation of fabrication methods for growing colloidal crystals has opened many possibilities to tailor the shape and optical properties of different photonic structures. 4-6 However, to date the 3D photonic crystals are usually fabricated using low cost bottom-up self-assembly techniques. 7-9 These methods driven by thermodynamic rules of minimum energy conformation pile up particles in a close packed morphology, optimizing interactions among them such as van der Waals forces, steric and Coulombic repulsions. 10 Different techniques have been developed to tune crystal packing in order to affect the position of the bandgap and the optical response of the crystal such as sedimentation, epitaxial growth on different template structures, dielectrophoretic compression and spin coating. 11-14 These techniques are rather complex and difficult to carry out. Recently a few studies pointed out the influence of curvature on the optical properties of 3D photonic crystals (photonic domes) made from low refractive index materials. [15][16][17][18] The presence of curvature causes simultaneous reflection of light from different crystal planes resulting in bright color of microdomes. The bandgap of these curved photonic systems is almost complete (angularly independent) in comparison with the planar match, made from the same low refractive index colloids. Note that until recently, the ink jet method has allowed only formation of colloidal crystal domes with 20 mm width and 6 mm height. Moreover design and manufacture (based on lithography) of a 2D curved waveguide has been recently described elsewhere. 19 Bending 3D colloidal crystal without affecting their crystal structure is extremely difficult. Here, we describe the spontaneous formation of curved crystals by combining the intrinsic elastic instability of thin sheets with colloidal vertical convective selfassembly.The cornerstone of this strategy is based on the conjoined effect of two self-assembly processes, the one responsible for curvature formation and the second responsible for assembling of colloids into crystal structure. These two processes affect the shape and therefore the optical properties of the crystal. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first approach which allows bending of 3D colloidal cry...

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Creasing instability of surface-attached hydrogels

Cited by 269 publications

References 31 publications

Creases on the interface between two soft materials

Creases on the interface between two soft materials

Swelling-Induced Folding in Confined Nanoscale Responsive Polymer Gels

Design of curved photonic crystal using swelling induced instabilities

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