“…The intensity of brand identity is affected by the attractiveness of the environment offering aesthetic pleasure through architecture (Harmaakorpi, Kari, & Parjanen, 2008) and a spectrum of parameters including culture, history, and the economy. Brand identity is co-produced and reified by multiple stakeholders (Cai, 2002) through the production of marketplace symbols (historic plaques, decorations, sculptures, benches, planters) and the enhancement of rituals (street parties, parades, ceremonies, sales events, artistic performances) (Pryor & Grossbart, 2007), influencing experience and what the place has come to be known for. Accordingly, brand infrastructure relationships have an influence on the development of brand identity, as the latter is dependent on the dynamic of stakeholder relationships.…”