Creatinine to Body Weight Ratio Is Associated with Incident Diabetes: Population-Based Cohort Study

Abstract

We investigated the association between creatinine to body weight (Cre/BW) ratio and incident diabetes. In this cohort study, 9659 men and 7417 women were follow up mean (SD) 5.6 (3.5) years and 5.4 (3.4) years, respectively. For men, tertile 1 (T1; n = 3176), Cre/BW < 0.01275; tertile 2 (T2; n = 3258), 0.01275 ≤ Cre/BW < 0.0148; and tertile 3 (T3; n = 3225), Cre/BW ≥ 0.0148; and for women, T1 (n = 2437), Cre/BMI < 0.0118; T2 (n = 2516), 0.0118 ≤ Cre/BMI < 0.014; and T3 (n = 2477), Cre/BMI ≥ 0.014. Among them, 362 men and 102 women developed diabetes. The hazard ratios (HRs) of incident diabetes in the T2 group was 0.56 (95% CI 0.44–0.71, p < 0.001) in men and 0.61 (0.38–0.99, p = 0.045) in women and in the T3 group was 0.42 (0.32–0.54, p < 0.001) in men and 0.55 (0.34–0.89, p = 0.014) in women after adjusting for covariates, compared with the T1 group. Moreover, Δ0.001 incremental of Cre/BW is negatively associated with incident diabetes (adjusted HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.80–0.88, p < 0.001 for men and 0.88, 0.81–0.96, p = 0.003 for women). In conclusion, Cre/BW ratio is inversely related to incident diabetes. Checking Cre/BW ratios may predict future diabetes risks.

A Low Creatinine to Body Weight Ratio Predicts the Incident Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Nonelderly Chinese without Obesity and Dyslipidemia: A Retrospective Study

“…The mechanism about the relationship of the Cr/BW ratio with the incident NAFLD remains largely unknown. We suggest that this relationship could be mediated by insulin resistance because a lower Cr/BW ratio has been shown to increase the risk of DM in a recent study [23]. Concretely, SMI is a potent indicator of insulin resistance [30], and insulin resistance makes a great contribution to the incident NAFLD among nonobese individuals without DM [31].…”

“…Among individuals with normal renal function, the use of serum creatinine (Cr) has been proposed as an inexpensive and easily obtainable surrogate index to evaluate the skeletal muscle mass [21,22]. Recently, an interesting novel index named the Cr to body weight (Cr/BW) ratio has been demonstrated to be quite useful for the prediction of T2DM and NAFLD [23,24]. In fact, the positive relationship between Cr and body weight is even closer among nonobese individuals [20].…”

Relationship Between Creatinine and Body Weight Ratio and Diabetes Mellitus in a Chinese Cohort Study

“…To our knowledge, studies investigating the association of Cre/BW and diabetes risks are sparse. Recently, a study conducted by Hashimoto et al [14] suggested that an independent association of diabetes risks with Cre/BW ratios in The NAGALA Study in Japan. Our ndings are similar to the result of Hashimoto and his colleagues.We observed that Cre/BW is negatively correlated with incident diabetes after handling missing value(HR: 0.268; 95% CI:0.229 to 0.314), and it also makes sense in different genders(HR = 0.255;95%CI: 0.212-0.307 in men and HR = 0.297;95%CI: 0.218-0.406 in women).Moreover, we found a nonlinear between Cre/BW and incident of diabetes using a cubic spline smoothing technique(after adjusting age,gender,SBP,DBP,FPG,TC,LDL,smoking and drinking status,family history of diabetes), and the effect sizes on the left and right sides of the in ection point was not consistent [left(HR: 0.13, 95%CI: 0.10-0.16,P < 0.0001);right(HR: 0.62, 95%CI: 0.46-0.82,P = 0.0008)].…”

“…Hashimoto et al proved Cre/BW ratios may predict future diabetes risks and is inversely related to incident diabetes in the Japanese population who underwent a medical health check-up program [14]. However, there is no report about Cre/BW ratios with diabetes to date in Chinese people, to address these issues, we conducted a study to investigate the relationship between Cre/BW ratios and incident of diabetes.…”

“…Serum creatinine(Cre) is considered to be an inexpensive and easy to measure index instead of evaluating skeletal muscle quality [13]. Recently, studies have shown that Cre to body weight ratios(Cre/BW ratios), an interesting new indicator, is closely related to T2DM [14] and NAFLD [15,16].…”