Relationship between creatinine to body weight ratios and diabetes mellitus: A Chinese cohort study

Abstract

Background: Research on the relationship between creatinine to body weight ratios (Cre/BW ratios) and the prevalence of diabetes is still lacking. The intention of this research was to explore the potential relationship between Cre/BW ratio and diabetes prevalence in Chinese adults.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 199 526 patients in the Chinese Rich Healthcare Group from 2010 to 2016. The participants were divided into four groups on the basis of the quartiles of the Cre/BW ratios. Multivariate multiple imputation and dummy variables were used to handle missing values. Multivariate regression analysis was applied to detect the relationship between Cre/BW and diabetes. A smoothing plot was also used to identify whether there were nonlinear relationships.Results: After handling missing values and adjusting for potential confounders, the multivariate Cox regression analysis results showed that Cre/BW was inversely correlated with diabetes risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.268; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.229-0.314, p < 0.00001). For men, the HR of incident diabetes was 0.255 (95% CI: 0.212-0.307) and for women it was 0.297 (95% CI: 0.218-0.406). Moreover, sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of the results. Furthermore, the smoothing plot revealed that there was a saturation effect between Cre/BW and the incidence of diabetes. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that increased Cre/BW is negatively correlated with diabetes in Chinese adults. It also found that Cre/BW has a nonlinear relationship with the incidence of diabetes.

The association between creatinine to body weight ratio and the risk of progression to diabetes from pre-diabetes: a 5-year cohort study in Chinese adults

“…Identifying the Cre/BW ratio as a protective factor for developing diabetes in pre-diabetes and clarifying the association between them will benefit diabetes prevention in patients with pre-diabetes. Also, the HRs of the relationship between creatinine body weight ratio and diabetes were different in our study from that of Chen et al [ 20 ].…”

“…A Chinese study also found an inverse association between the Cre/BW ratio and the risk of diabetes in the general population (HR = 0.268, 95%CI 0.229–0.314) after adjusting confounding variables. They also found a negative non-linear connection between the Cre/BW ratio and incident diabetes [ 20 ]. By Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis, our study found that the decline in the Cre/BW ratio was strongly associated with an increased risk of diabetes, which was consistent with previous findings.…”

“…We chose covariates for our study based on previous research and clinical experience [ 16 , 17 , 20 , 21 ]. The following variables were therefore used as covariates based on the principles outlined above (1) continuous variables: systolic blood pressure (SBP), height, age, Blood urea nitrogen(BUN), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglyceride(TG), FPG, total cholesterol (TC), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-c); (2) categorical variables: smoking status, gender, drinking status, and family history of diabetes.…”

“…Recent research has revealed that the intriguing new biomarker of Cre to body weight ratio (Cre/BW) is strongly associated with incident DM [ 16 , 17 ] and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [ 18 , 19 ] in general populations. Furthermore, recent research found that the Cre/BW ratio is closely related to the incidence of diabetes in general Chinese participants [ 20 ]. However, the relationship between the Cre/BW ratio and DM has not been studied in pre-diabetes participants, a population that is prone to progress to diabetes.…”