“…3,4 Manufacturing techniques such as solvent casting-particulate leaching, 5 gas foaming, 6 phase separation, 7 bre meshes, 8 rapid prototyping 9 and excimer laser photocuring 10,11 have been used to generate porous scaffolds. To produce scaffolds with desired 3D microarchitecture, sacricial porogens such as 3D printed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 12 and melt-spun shellac micro-bers 13,14 were used to fabricate 3D interconnected gelatin hydrogel or polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) scaffold.…”