“…Given that default risks, political or business cycle risks, as well as liquidity risks have been considered as three major corporate bond risk components in literature (see, among others, Dastidar & Phelps, 2011;Xie, Shi & Wu, 2008;Longstaff, Mithal & Neis, 2005;Chen, Lesmond & Wei, 2007;Block & Vaaler, 2004), signals used to proxy these components are often difficult to observe or measure with precision, making it impractical to utilize them directly. As international capital markets integrate, domestic economy is not the primary source of systemic risk any more.…”