Crescimento radicular, extração de nutrientes e produção de grãos de genótipos de milho em diferentes quantidades de palha de aveia-preta em plantio direto

Sá, João Carlos de Moraes; Ferreira, Ademir de Oliveira; Briedis, Cléver; Vieira, Ângelo Marcio; Figueiredo, André Gradowski de

doi:10.1590/s0100-06832010000400020

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Moran et al (2005) evaluated the effect of mineral N on the stabilization of the SOM in the presence of rice straw and found a higher concentration of C of the residue converted into humin when adding mineral 15 N (163 µg g -1 of C). According to Sá et al (2010), the great straw mass in the NTS contribute to reduce soil water evaporation and temperature variation, providing favorable conditions for development of tertiary roots, which have short life and high sensitivity to temperatures greater than 36°C. These authors observed greater root growth of maize genotypes in the topsoil under the NTS that had greater amount of straw (10 Mg ha -1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Matter Fractions of an Irrigated Oxisol Under No-Till and Conventional Tillage in the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region

et al. 2017

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-The replacement of natural vegetation by crop systems directly impacts the soil organic matter fractions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the total organic carbon (TOC) and nitrogen (TN) contents in different fractions of the soil organic matter (SOM) of an Oxisol of the Brazilian semiarid region under different irrigated crops and different soil management systems. Seven treatments were evaluated, which consisted of two soil management systems (no-till and conventional tillage) and three crops (maize, sunflower and sorghum), using as reference the soil under a native forest (NF). The summer crops preceded common bean crops in the autumn-winter. The total organic carbon content, total nitrogen, carbon content in humic substances and their constituents (fulvic acids, humic acids and humin) and labile, non-labile and water-soluble carbon contents were evaluated two years and three months after the experiment implementation to determine the carbon lability (L) lability index (LI), partitioning index (CPI) and management index (CMI). The greatest carbon, nitrogen and organic matter contents in the soil surface layer (0.00-0.05 m) were found in crops under no-till system (NTS), especially maize. The crops under NTS presented greater carbon content in humic substances than the conventional tillage system (CTS) ones in the layer 0.05-0.10 m. The crops under NTS presented greater sustainability in the Brazilian semiarid region compared with those under CTS, as shown by their higher CMI in the soil surface layer.Keywords: Humic substances. Labile carbon. Sustainability. FRAÇÕES DA MATÉRIA ORGÂNICA EM LATOSSOLO IRRIGADO NO SEMIÁRIDO SOB PLANTIO DIRETO E PREPARO CONVENCIONALRESUMO -A substituição da vegetação natural pela agricultura impacta diretamente as frações da matéria orgânica no solo. Este estudo avaliou os teores de carbono orgânico total (COT) e nitrogênio total (NT) nas frações da matéria orgânica do solo (MOS) em um Latossolo do semiárido brasileiro sob diferentes sistemas de manejo com diferentes culturas irrigadas. Os sete tratamentos foram compostos por dois sistemas de manejo do solo (plantio direto e convencional) e três culturas: sorgo, girassol e milho tendo como referência o solo sob mata nativa (MN). A semeadura das culturas no verão precedeu a semeadura de feijão no outono/inverno. Após dois anos e três meses de implantação, avaliaram-se os teores de carbono orgânico total, nitrogênio total, teor de carbono nas substâncias húmicas e seus constituintes (fração ácidos fúlvicos, húmicos e humina), teores de carbono lábil, carbono não-lábil e carbono solúvel em água, sendo determinados a labilidade (L), índice de labilidade (IL), índice de compartimento de carbono (ICC) e índice de manejo de carbono (IMC). Os cultivos sob sistema de plantio direto (SPD) nas condições semiáridas, em especial com o milho, promoveram maiores teores de carbono, nitrogênio e frações da matéria orgânica, na camada superficial do solo (0,00 a 0,05 m). Na camada de 0,05-0,10 m os cultivos sob SPD promoveram ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Matter Fractions of an Irrigated Oxisol Under No-Till and Conventional Tillage in the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region

et al. 2017

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“…In general, soil coverage allows improved microbiological conditions and enables a favorable environment for superficial root growth (SÁ et al, 2010); and, as pulse irrigation provides water in greater frequency within this layer, it is likely to happen yield enhancement.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drip pulses and soil mulching effect on american crisphead lettuce yield

Almeida¹,

Lima

Pereira

2015

Eng. Agríc.

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An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Lavras cultivated with American lettuce, cv. Raider-Plus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation water depths applied by drip pulses and of soil coverage on crop yields and efficiency of water use. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with eight treatments and three replications, totaling twenty-four plots. The treatments consisted of soil with and without coverage (double-sided white and black plastic) associated with four irrigation management levels. Irrigation management consisted in reposition of irrigation depths based on crop evapotranspiration (ET c ) with D 1 -100% of ET c , applied continuously (control), and D 2 -100% of ET c , D 3 -75% of ET c , and D 4 -50% of ET c , applied by pulses. Irrigation by pulses consisted in splitting the depths into six irrigation pulses with intervals of fifty minutes of rest. It was observed that pulse irrigation saved 25% of water in treatment without mulching and 50% when plastic mulching was used, contributing substantially to improve irrigation water efficiency. KEYWORDS:water-use efficiency, greenhouse, water depth. GOTEJAMENTO POR PULSOS E COBERTURA DO SOLO NA PRODUTIVIDADEDA ALFACE-AMERICANA RESUMO: Um experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido, na Universidade Federal de Lavras, com a cultura da alface-americana cv. Raider-Plus. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de lâminas de irrigação aplicadas via gotejamento por pulsos e da cobertura do solo sobre a produtividade e a eficiência do uso da água. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, em que foram utilizados oito tratamentos e três repetições, perfazendo um total de vinte e quatro parcelas experimentais. Os tratamentos constituíram-se do solo com e sem cobertura (plástico dupla face branco/preto), associado a quatro manejos de irrigação. Os manejos de irrigação consistiram na reposição de lâminas de irrigação, com base na evapotranspiração da cultura (ET c ), sendo L1 ; 100% da ETc, aplicada de forma contínua (testemunha), e L2; 100% da ETc, L3; 75% da ETc e L4; 50% da ETc, aplicadas por pulsos. A irrigação por pulsos consistiu no parcelamento da lâmina, em seis pulsos de irrigação, com intervalos de cinquenta minutos de repouso. Foi observado que o gotejamento por pulsos proporcionou a economia de 25% de água no tratamento sem cobertura plástica e a economia de 50% de água no tratamento com cobertura plástica do solo, o que resultou no aumento da eficiência do uso da água. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:eficiência do uso da água, ambiente protegido, lâminas de irrigação.

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“…According to Sá et al (2010), root development in maize plants benefits from an increase in oat straw in both the surface layer (0 to 0.20 m) and the subsurface layer (0.50 than 1,00 m) of the soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormesis method for increasing oat straw with a view to viability of direct-seeding systems1

Tavares¹,

Sousa²,

Correia³

et al. 2015

Rev. Ciênc. Agron.

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-In conservation agriculture, mainly under direct seeding, maintaining the vegetation ground cover is essential, since this serves as a reservoir of nutrients which are slowly released to plants by microorganisms. Some authors have sought to study increases in the amount of straw in the soil, in addition to slowing down the process of decomposition, with hormesis being one of the techniques used. This technique states that all chemical substances are both poisonous and nonpoisonous, with only the dosage determining whether they are lethal or not. This study aimed to evaluate the dry weight and agronomic characteristics of a crop of black oat subjected to hormesis. The experimental design was of randomised blocks, with 12 treatments and 4 replications, giving a total of 48 experimental lots. The treatments were: Haloxyfop-R Methyl Ester at dosages of 0.625, 1.25 and 2.50 g ha -1; Glyphosate at dosages of 12.50, 25.00 and 50.00 g ha -1 ; 2,4-D dimethylamine salt at dosages of 100.00, 200.00 and 300.00 g ha -1; Alterbane at a dosage of 500.00 g ha -1; Salicylic acid at a dose of 100 g ha -1 ; and a control. It was concluded that for the subdosages under test, the herbicides 2,4-D at medium dosage and Verdict at low dosage were shown to be the best treatments for conserving straw as ground cover under direct seeding.Key words: Sustainability. Vegetation cover. Direct-seeding systems.RESUMO -Na agricultura conservacionista, principalmente no plantio direto, a manutenção da cobertura vegetal sobre o solo é essencial, pois esta funciona como reservatório de nutrientes que lentamente serão liberados para as plantas através de microrganismos. Alguns autores têm procurado estudos para aumentar a quantidade de palha presente no solo, além de desacelerar seu processo de decomposição, sendo uma das técnicas utilizadas a hormesis. Essa técnica diz que todas as substâncias químicas são veneno e não veneno, o que faz dela letal ou não, é apenas a dosagem. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a matéria seca e as características agronômicas da cultura da aveia preta submetida à hormesis. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com 12 tratamentos e 4 repetições, totalizando 48 parcelas experimentais. Os tratamentos foram: Haloxifope-R Éster Metílico na dosagem de 0,625; 1,25 e 2,50 g ha -1

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Crescimento radicular, extração de nutrientes e produção de grãos de genótipos de milho em diferentes quantidades de palha de aveia-preta em plantio direto

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Organic Matter Fractions of an Irrigated Oxisol Under No-Till and Conventional Tillage in the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region

Organic Matter Fractions of an Irrigated Oxisol Under No-Till and Conventional Tillage in the Brazilian Semi-Arid Region

Drip pulses and soil mulching effect on american crisphead lettuce yield

Hormesis method for increasing oat straw with a view to viability of direct-seeding systems1

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