Crime in Europe: Causes and Consequences

Entorf, Horst; Spengler, Hannes

doi:10.1628/0932456022975240

Cited by 33 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Several studies provide detailed surveys, see, among others, Chiricos (1987), Eide (1994Eide ( , 2000, Entorf and Spengler (2002), Rupp (2008). Thus, the following chapter will only provide selected information, with focus on the crime-labour relationship based on individual (inmates) data, and on the observation that results might possibly be affected by the level of aggregation.…”

Section: Research On the Connection Between Crime And The Labour Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the criminological literature provides numerous further explanations for criminal behaviour such that several competing explanations of criminal behaviour need to be considered. In the social disorganisation (Shaw and McKay, 1942) and social control theory (Hirschi, 1969, Junger-Tas, 1992, factors based on family attachments have been revealed to be important causes for crime (see Entorf and Spengler, 2002, for more background information and empirical evidence for these theories). The main argument focusses on parental behaviour encouraging delinquency by setting a positive example or by failure to respond negatively to clearly deviant behaviour of the child (Hirschi, 1995).…”

Section: Important Covariates and Their Expected Effects On Crimementioning

confidence: 99%

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Crime and the Labour Market: Evidence from a Survey of Inmates

Entorf

2008

SSRN Journal

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Die Dis cus si on Pape rs die nen einer mög lichst schnel len Ver brei tung von neue ren For schungs arbei ten des ZEW. Die Bei trä ge lie gen in allei ni ger Ver ant wor tung der Auto ren und stel len nicht not wen di ger wei se die Mei nung des ZEW dar.Dis cus si on Papers are inten ded to make results of ZEW research prompt ly avai la ble to other eco no mists in order to encou ra ge dis cus si on and sug gesti ons for revi si ons. The aut hors are sole ly respon si ble for the con tents which do not neces sa ri ly repre sent the opi ni on of the ZEW.Download this ZEW Discussion Paper from our ftp server:ftp://ftp.zew.de/pub/zew-docs/dp/dp08131.pdf Nontechnical SummaryEconomists think that unemployment is an important cause for crime. From the theoretical point of view, this belief seems to be reasonable, since, according to the standard economic theory of crime by Nobel laureate Gary Becker , unemployed individuals are per definition excluded from legal income opportunities, and, thus, more likely to commit crimes than people who have a job. Empirical evidence is less clear. Econometric studies often show ambiguous signs for the effect of unemployment on crime. The main problem is the lack of adequate micro data. In this study based on a survey of 1,771 inmates conducted in 31 German prisons, the focus is on (expected) recidivism, not on criminal activity in general.Instead of re-contacting former inmates after their release (which would cause the problem of losing sight of most re-offending inmates), we interviewed prisoners about the perceived probability of their own future recidivism. Results show that inmates with poor labour market prospects expect a significantly higher rate of future recidivism. Having a closer look at subgroups of prisoners reveals that drug and alcohol addiction cause adverse effects. Thus, improving prisoner health care by installing effective anti-drug programmes would be one of the most effective measures against crime. Abstract: In this paper data from a survey of 1,771 inmates conducted in 31 German prisons provide microeconometric evidence on the relationship between individual anticipated labour market opportunities and the perceived probability of future recidivism. Results show that inmates with poor labour market prospects expect a significantly higher rate of future recidivism. Having a closer look at subgroups of prisoners reveals that drug and alcohol addiction cause adverse effects. Thus, improving prisoner health care by installing effective anti-drug programmes would be one of the most effective measures against crime. Nicht-technische Zusammenfassung

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Section: Research On the Connection Between Crime And The Labour Marketmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Important Covariates and Their Expected Effects On Crimementioning

confidence: 99%

Crime and the Labour Market: Evidence from a Survey of Inmates

Entorf

2008

SSRN Journal

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“…The data presented here come from the first study to look at the links between drug use, offending and victimization across different European countries. There is wide variation in rates of dependent drug use, and in patterns of its covariates, including offending and social exclusion, between European countries (EMCDDA 2005;Entorf and Spengler 2002). This means that research in any one country would be of doubtful significance for other European countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Victimization of Dependent Drug Users

Stevens

Berto²,

Frick³

et al. 2007

European Journal of Criminology

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This article contributes to the literature on drug users, victimization and offending using data on 545 dependent drug users entering treatment in four European countries. Members of the sample were exposed to high levels of criminal victimization. Sub-groups who were particularly vulnerable to crime were women (and especially sex workers), the homeless, recent offenders and those with a history of poor mental health. Multivariate analysis indicated that frequent drug use, recent offending and histories of depression and anxiety were significantly predictive of violent victimization, and only gender and a history of anxiety were significantly predictive of property victimization. The article discusses how these findings relate to theoretical approaches to victimization, in both positivist and critical frameworks. K E Y

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“…In der wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Literatur existieren verschiedene Monetarisierungsansätze (Miller et al 1996, Entorf und Spengler 2002, Spengler 2004, Entorf 2013, Entorf 2014 …”

Section: Indikator Zur Kriminalitätsmessung -Monetarisierungsgewichtungunclassified

Ansätze und Datenquellen in der Kriminalitätsmessung – Ein Überblick zu den oﬀen zugänglichen WISIND-Daten

Bug¹

2015

VJH

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. summary: The WISIND (The system of economic indicators to measure security and security provision in Germany) research project not only measures the multiple threats caused by crimes committed willfully and directly affecting the individual but also the personal fear of such crimes. Extensive (survey) data was collected and integrated in to existing data. This article outlines the composition of the WISIND indicators for crime and fear of crime, explicitly detailing how data were integrated, whether from newly collected data or existing official statistics. The newly collected data include, among others, communication data from digital social networks, a media analysis, and extensive survey data on the effect of crime on the individual, fear of crime and assessments of crime severity. A methodological overview of data collected during the WISIND project is also provided in order to facilitate data usage via the GESIS data service. Terms of use: Documents in→ JEL Classification: H56, H79

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Crime in Europe: Causes and Consequences

Abstract: The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, Ihal such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.

Cited by 33 publications

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Crime and the Labour Market: Evidence from a Survey of Inmates

Crime and the Labour Market: Evidence from a Survey of Inmates

The Victimization of Dependent Drug Users

Ansätze und Datenquellen in der Kriminalitätsmessung – Ein Überblick zu den oﬀen zugänglichen WISIND-Daten

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