CRISPR: Challenges to South African biotechnology law

Pillay, Siddharthiya; Thaldar, Donrich

doi:10.7196/sajbl.2018.v11i2.00653

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In India, there is a regulation mechanism for genetic engineering which includes “modification of an organism or in a cell by deletion and removal of parts of the heritable material” [ 204 ]. In South Africa, GMO regulations are in place but there is still a need for genome-editing-specific legislation [ 205 ]. In Argentina, the regulatory framework is on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration the process involved, i.e., the breeding methodology used, new trait or characteristic introduced, and evidence of the genetic changes present in the final product [ 206 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Horticultural Crops via CRISPR/Cas9: Current Successes and Prospects

Bhatta

Malla²

2020

Plants

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Horticultural crops include a diverse array of crops comprising fruits, vegetables, nuts, flowers, aromatic and medicinal plants. They provide nutritional, medicinal, and aesthetic benefits to mankind. However, these crops undergo many biotic (e.g., diseases, pests) and abiotic stresses (e.g., drought, salinity). Conventional breeding strategies to improve traits in crops involve the use of a series of backcrossing and selection for introgression of a beneficial trait into elite germplasm, which is time and resource consuming. Recent new plant breeding tools such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) /CRISPR-associated protein-9 (Cas9) technique have the potential to be rapid, cost-effective, and precise tools for crop improvement. In this review article, we explore the CRISPR/Cas9 technology, its history, classification, general applications, specific uses in horticultural crops, challenges, existing resources, associated regulatory aspects, and the way forward.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Horticultural Crops via CRISPR/Cas9: Current Successes and Prospects

Bhatta

Malla²

2020

Plants

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The Application of CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in the Management of Genetic and Nongenetic Plant Traits

Mutezo

Sedibe

Mofokeng

et al. 2021

International Journal of Agronomy

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Gene editing (GE) has yielded positive results in the management of genetic and nongenetic plant traits. Clustered interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) (together known as the CRISPR/Cas system) are relatively easy to use, compared to other existing genome editing technologies. The CRISPR/Cas tool produces unchanging gene mutations, with the ability to segregate from the Cas9/sgRNA construct to avoid similar modifications by CRISPR/Cas. CRISPR/Cas GE is fast and accurate; crops developed using this technique are resistant to viruses, fungi, and bacteria and resilient to abiotic and biotic stresses, while crops established using conventional methods take between 10 and 15 years to develop resistance. Therefore, CRISPR/Cas is a useful tool for sustainable agricultural production. Plant traits have been successfully manipulated using this technology. Notwithstanding the technical challenges of transferring CRISPR/Cas9 developed crops from the laboratory to the field, additional obstacles include uncertain policy systems, dispute over intellectual property ownership, and acceptability by consumers. Several Cas9-based applied techniques have gained popularity that enable researchers to enhance plants with speed and accuracy. In conclusion, the CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful technology for genetically modifying crops.

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Respeito como princípio ético essencial em pesquisas genéticas e genômicas

Toledo¹

2021

Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento

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A genética se ocupa em estudar como as características dos organismos são transmitidas a seus descendentes, e, genômica, por sua vez, estuda a totalidade da informação genética. Nesse contexto, por serem campos de estudos que envolvem diretamente a biologia dos seres vivos, é fundamental a consideração de sólidos princípios éticos para nortear essas pesquisas. Frente a isso, tendo em conta estudos éticos produzidos na República da África do Sul, cujas condições do país o tornam propício para essas investigações, bem como ensinamentos da Ciência Logosófica, este trabalho tem como objetivo propor o princípio ético de respeito a ser considerado como fator essencial em pesquisas envolvendo genética e genômica, por ser esse um princípio que engloba valores que convidam a uma boa convivência, estimulando a encontrar soluções que confluam para a harmonia, porque busca ajustar as diferenças, as necessidades e os interesses entre os indivíduos.

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CRISPR: Challenges to South African biotechnology law

Abstract: This open-access article is distributed under Creative Commons licence CC-BY-NC 4.0.

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Improving Horticultural Crops via CRISPR/Cas9: Current Successes and Prospects

Improving Horticultural Crops via CRISPR/Cas9: Current Successes and Prospects

The Application of CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in the Management of Genetic and Nongenetic Plant Traits

Respeito como princípio ético essencial em pesquisas genéticas e genômicas

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